Heat production and geotherms for the continental lithosphere

Hasterok, Derrick; Chapman, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.034

Cited by 420 publications

(332 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Geothermal gradient of cratonic mantle lithosphere has been determined to be ca. 6.6°C/km [35]. Because of the depletion of radiogenic heatproduction elements, the geothermal gradient in the mantle lithosphere is dominated by heat conduction from the asthenosphere.…”

Section: An Estimation Of the Lithospheric Thinning Extent And Two-stmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the depletion of radiogenic heatproduction elements, the geothermal gradient in the mantle lithosphere is dominated by heat conduction from the asthenosphere. Given that the temperature of the bottom of mantle lithosphere is about 1300°C [35], the depth of the lithospheric mantle could be ≤45 km, given partial melting temperature of thickened LCC is 1000°C [36]. If the thickened crustal thickness was 70 km, the thinned whole lithosphere thickness should be 115 km, similar to that of normal lithosphere.…”

Section: An Estimation Of the Lithospheric Thinning Extent And Two-stmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen—Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks

Wang

2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Systematical studies of post-collisional igneous rocks in the Dabie orogen suggest that the thickened mafic lower crust of the orogen was partially melted to form low-Mg # adakitic rocks at 143-131 Ma. Delamination and foundering of the thickened mafic lower crust occurred at 130 Ma, which caused the mantle upwelling and following mafic and granitic magmatic intrusions. Migmatite in the North Dabie zone, coeval with the formation of low-Mg # adakitic intrusions in the Dabie orogen, was formed by partial melting of exhumed ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks at middle crustal level. This paper argues that the partial melting of thickened lower and middle crust before mountain-root collapse needs lithospheric thinning. Based on the geothermal gradient of 6.6°C/km for lithospheric mantle and initial partial melting temperature of ~1000°C for the lower mafic crust, it can be estimated that the thickness of lithospheric mantle beneath thickened lower crust has been thinned to <45 km when the thickened lower crust was melting. Thus, a two-stage model for mountain-root removal is proposed. First, the lithospheric mantle keel was partially removal by mantle convection at 145 Ma. Loss of the lower lithosphere would increase heat flow into the base of the crust and would cause middle-lower crustal melting. Second, partial melting of the thickened lower crust has weakened the lower crust and increased its gravity instability, thus triggering delamination and foundering of the thickened mafic lower crust or mountain-root collapse. Therefore, convective removal and delamination of the thickened lower crust as two mechanisms of lithospheric thinning are related to causality. post-collisional magmatism, mountain root removal, lithospheric thinning, adakitic rocks, migmatite Citation:Li S G, He Y S, Wang S J. Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen-Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks.

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Section: An Estimation Of the Lithospheric Thinning Extent And Two-stmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Estimation Of the Lithospheric Thinning Extent And Two-stmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen—Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks

Wang

2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…The majority of the P-T points for Cr-diopside from the 'L', 'K', and 'S' areas plot between the heat fluxes of 35 and 40 mW/m 2 [46], similar to the ADP mantle samples [35,37,38,43]. The P-T points for Crdiopside from the 'P' area clearly differ from those of the other areas and plot along the hot cratonic [11,35,[37][38][39], diamond inclusion field [44], DI (inclusion in diamonds) from the ADP [11].…”

Section: Cr-diopsidementioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Exploration Potential of the Northern East European Platform

Shchukina

Shchukin²

2018

Minerals

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Abstract:In this study, we assess the diamond exploration potential of the northern East European Platform based on aeromagnetic survey results and the morphologic and geochemical analysis of 1513 grains of kimberlite indicator minerals (KIMs), such as purple pyrope garnet, olivine, and Cr-diopside. These minerals were recovered from samples collected from modern river and stream sediments in four areas located in the north-eastern (within the Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province) and south-western (hundreds of kilometers outside of the Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province) parts of the Arkhangelsk region in the European part of Russia. All the studied areas are located within ancient cratons, including the Kola, Karelian, and Shenkursk cratons. Based on the major element compositions of the KIMs and thermobarometric calculations, this study confirms that the lithospheric mantle beneath the studied areas is suitable for the formation and preservation of diamonds. The high percentage of KIMs with primary magmatic grain surface morphologies is evidence of the presence of local kimberlite sources within all of the studied areas. The significant amount of diamond-associated KIMs indicates that the potential sources are diamondiferous. Hence, the results suggest that the studied areas can be recommended for further diamond prospecting activity with a high probability of discovering new diamondiferous kimberlites.

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“…6) that Crdiopside compositions require at least 19 kbar (59 km) to give an average minimum temperature of 961°C. Given the spread of data, this is the lowest pressure at which the temperature was cool enough for some clinopyroxene compositions to coincide with a 40 mWm −2 geotherm (Hasterok and Chapman 2011). Grütter (2009) (Kennedy and Kennedy 1976).…”

Section: Mineral Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depth calculations are based on Dziewonski and Anderson (1981). Temperatures along the preferred 40 mWm −2 geotherm of Hasterok and Chapman (2011) Grütter et al 2006). Identification of unaltered orthopyroxene in equilibrium with clinopyroxene in mantle xenoliths would allow more robust geothermometry.…”

Section: Mineral Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The mantle of Scotland viewed through the Glen Gollaidh aillikite

Hutchison¹,

Faithfull

Barfod

et al. 2018

Miner Petrol

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The Glen Gollaidh aillikite dyke (58.36741°N 4.69751°W), N.W. Scotland, occurs within the Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks of the Moine Supergroup~4 km east of the Moine Thrust. Phlogopite 40 Ar/ 36 Ar measurements give a late Devonian maximum emplacement age of 360.3 ± 4.9 (2σ) Ma. This age occurs in a quiet period of Scottish magmatic history c. 30 Ma after the closure of the Iapetus and before the start of intra-plate alkali magmatism which affected southern Scotland for~60 My from c. 350 Ma. Abundant chromites and Cr-diopsides and a few unaltered olivines, reflecting a mantle provenance, were recovered from heavy mineral concentrates. The North Atlantic Craton, exposed in Lewisian gneisses west of the Moine thrust, is therefore inferred to extend east at depth under Glen Gollaidh, presenting an opportunity to investigate the thickness and composition of the cratonic margin in the Devonian. The aillikite was found to be barren of diamond and no picro-ilmenites or garnets were definitively identified. However, mineral chemistry suggests that a proportion of Glen Gollaidh xenocrysts crystallised in equilibrium with garnet. Most spinels are Mg, Al chromites, with some Mg chromite present. All fall within the garnet peridotite field based on Ti and Cr but with insufficient Cr 2 O 3 (up to 47.2 wt%) to be consistent with the diamond stability field. Amongst Cr-diopsides 30% of grains have Cr and Al contents consistent with derivation from garnet peridotite. The majority of clinopyroxenes also show a marked depletion in heavy compared to light rare-earth elements, again consistent with equilibration with garnet. The opx-cpx solvus thermometer demonstrates that average Cr-diopside compositions require at least 37 kbar to give a temperature (979°C) lying even on a relatively warm 40 mWm −2 geotherm (Hasterok and Chapman Earth Planet Sc Lett 307:59-70, 2011). Large variations in the chemistry of mantle minerals reflect a complex history of metasomatism akin to constituents of alkali igneous rocks elsewhere in the Hebridean and Northern Highlands Terranes. Fertilised mantle provided the conditions for generation of aillikite melts, probably triggered by break-off of the advancing Avalonia slab. The cratonic root underlying the Glen Gollaidh aillikite during the late Devonian was apparently too thin to lie within the diamond stability field, consistent with xenoliths from alkali basalts further south. Nonetheless, sufficient geophysical and mineral chemical evidence supports Glen Gollaidh aillikite sitting close to the edge of diamond-prospective mantle therefore suggesting diamond potential a short distance to the west within the Lewisian and what is now East Greenland. (2018) 112 (Suppl 1):S115-S132

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Heat production and geotherms for the continental lithosphere

Cited by 420 publications

References 101 publications

Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen—Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks

Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen—Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks

Diamond Exploration Potential of the Northern East European Platform

The mantle of Scotland viewed through the Glen Gollaidh aillikite

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