Heat generation rate measurement in a Li-ion cell at large C-rates through temperature and heat flux measurements

Drake, S.J.; Martin, Misty; Wetz, David A.; Ostanek, Jason K.; Miller, Steven P.; Heinzel, John M.; Jain, Ankur

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.008

Cited by 156 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To evaluate the accuracy of this technique in such conditions, a set of experiments are carried out with a time-varying heat generation rate in the thermal test cell. Q ( t ) profiles representative of high-rate cyclic discharge of a Li-ion cell9 are used. In this case, heat is generated at a large rate during the discharge process, whereas the heat generation rate is much lower or zero during the charge and rest periods between successive discharges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the core temperature may in principle be measured by inserting or embedding a temperature sensor inside the solid body8910, and optimizing the location of the sensor and accompanying wires11, this approach is often too intrusive and impractical. As an example, the temperature at the core of a Li-ion cell is of much interest for performance optimization and safety9, however, due to the presence of electrochemical materials inside the hermetically sealed cell, insertion of a temperature sensor is simply not possible on a large scale.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example, the temperature at the core of a Li-ion cell is of much interest for performance optimization and safety9, however, due to the presence of electrochemical materials inside the hermetically sealed cell, insertion of a temperature sensor is simply not possible on a large scale. The use of the measured surface temperature for performance optimization and design of safety features is inappropriate, since the greater temperature at the core will govern the design of thermal management to ensure safety.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several engineering processes are inherently transient and do not reach a steady-state, thereby limiting the applicability of a steady-state core temperature measurement method. For example, a process for aggressively discharging a 26650 Li-ion cell may complete within 6–15 minutes9, whereas the thermal time constant for the cell is much longer16. In such a case, the capability of determining the transient core temperature in a non-intrusive fashion will help make real-time decisions to improve performance, safety and reliability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Non-invasive, transient determination of the core temperature of a heat-generating solid body

Anthony

Sarkar

Jain

2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While temperature on the surface of a heat-generating solid body can be easily measured using a variety of methods, very few techniques exist for non-invasively measuring the temperature inside the solid body as a function of time. Measurement of internal temperature is very desirable since measurement of just the surface temperature gives no indication of temperature inside the body, and system performance and safety is governed primarily by the highest temperature, encountered usually at the core of the body. This paper presents a technique to non-invasively determine the internal temperature based on the theoretical relationship between the core temperature and surface temperature distribution on the outside of a heat-generating solid body as functions of time. Experiments using infrared thermography of the outside surface of a thermal test cell in a variety of heating and cooling conditions demonstrate good agreement of the predicted core temperature as a function of time with actual core temperature measurement using an embedded thermocouple. This paper demonstrates a capability to thermally probe inside solid bodies in a non-invasive fashion. This directly benefits the accurate performance prediction and control of a variety of engineering systems where the time-varying core temperature plays a key role.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Non-invasive, transient determination of the core temperature of a heat-generating solid body

Anthony

Sarkar

Jain

2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A full charging of an EV battery pack within a few minutes is likely to present thermal challenges, which may be a limiting factor in the goal of fast charging of EVs. Even though the heat generation rate in a Li-ion cell is not particularly high (for example, around 4 W for a 26650 cell undergoing 6C discharge [6]), its poor thermal conductivity [7] results in large temperature rise and thermal gradients within the cell [8,9], leading, in extreme cases, to a thermal runaway situation [3,10]. In order to maintain the cell temperature within safe limits, performance is often sacrificed by operating the cell less aggressively than it could be, overdesigning the battery pack and providing an elaborate external cooling system [5,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat transfer enhancement in a lithium-ion cell through improved material-level thermal transport

Vishwakarma

Waghela

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

h i g h l i g h t sIdentifies rate-limiting material-level thermal conduction process in a Li-ion cell. Shows that interfacial thermal conduction between cathode and separator contributes 88% of total thermal resistance. Experimental data agrees with theoretical model on thermal contact resistance. Chemical bridging of this interface results in 4X reduction in thermal contact resistance. Results may contribute towards thermal safety of Li-ion cells. a b s t r a c tWhile Li-ion cells offer excellent electrochemical performance for several applications including electric vehicles, they also exhibit poor thermal transport characteristics, resulting in reduced performance, overheating and thermal runaway. Inadequate heat removal from Li-ion cells originates from poor thermal conductivity within the cell. This paper identifies the rate-limiting material-level process that dominates overall thermal conduction in a Li-ion cell. Results indicate that thermal characteristics of a Liion cell are largely dominated by heat transfer across the cathode-separator interface rather than heat transfer through the materials themselves. This interfacial thermal resistance contributes around 88% of total thermal resistance in the cell. Measured value of interfacial resistance is close to that obtained from theoretical models that account for weak adhesion and large acoustic mismatch between cathode and separator. Further, to address this problem, an amine-based chemical bridging of the interface is carried out. This is shown to result in in four-times lower interfacial thermal resistance without deterioration in electrochemical performance, thereby increasing effective thermal conductivity by three-fold. This improvement is expected to reduce peak temperature rise during operation by 60%. By identifying and addressing the material-level root cause of poor thermal transport in Li-ion cells, this work may contributes towards improved thermal performance of Li-ion cells.

show abstract

Roll‐to‐Roll Printing of Anomalous Nernst Thermopile for Direct Sensing of Perpendicular Heat Flux

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) converts heat flux perpendicular to the plane into electricity, in sharp contrast with the Seebeck effect (SE), enabling mass production, large area, and flexibility of their devices through ordinary thin‐film fabrication techniques. Heat flux sensors, one of the most promising applications of ANE, are powerful devices for evaluating heat flow and can lead to energy savings through efficient thermal management. In reality, however, SE caused by the in‐plane heat flux is always superimposed on the measurement signal, making it difficult to evaluate the perpendicular heat flux. Here, ANE‐type heat flux sensors that selectively detect a perpendicular heat flux are fabricated by adjusting the net Seebeck coefficient in their thermopile circuit with mass‐producible roll‐to‐roll sputtering methods. The direct sensing of perpendicular heat flux using ANE‐based flexible thermopiles, as well as their simple fabrication process, paves the way for the practical application of thin‐film thermoelectric devices.

show abstract

Heat generation rate measurement in a Li-ion cell at large C-rates through temperature and heat flux measurements

Cited by 156 publications

References 30 publications

Non-invasive, transient determination of the core temperature of a heat-generating solid body

Non-invasive, transient determination of the core temperature of a heat-generating solid body

Heat transfer enhancement in a lithium-ion cell through improved material-level thermal transport

Roll‐to‐Roll Printing of Anomalous Nernst Thermopile for Direct Sensing of Perpendicular Heat Flux

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About