Heartburn in Late Pregnancy. Manometric Studies of Esophageal Motor Function*

Presbyesophagus: Esophageal Motility in Nonagenarians*

“…The 50%7 incidence of upward displacement of the HPZ into the thorax in our subjects approaches that observed in pregnant women (13), many of whom had gastroesophageal reflux with heartburn. By contrast, in normal younger subjects the HPZ straddles the effective diaphragmatic hiatus in 80 to 100%o of cases (14)(15)(16) (17).…”

“…A nonpropulsive contraction was elicited by more than 25 o of swallows in 10 of our 15 subjects, and in only 3 of 10 young normal adults studied by Nagler and Spiro (15). The same authors (13,15) did not find repetitive nonpropulsive contractions after swallows in their younger subjects. In our group, 12% of all swallows evoked such a pressure profile.…”

“…Fifteen individuals from 90 to 97 years of age were studied; 13 were males and 2 females. Some were convalescing hospital patients; others were receiving nursing home care.…”

“…Ten suffered from a number of chronic ailments common in this age group, such as diabetes and ischemic heart disease. One subject had a mild, normochromic anemia (11.4 g hemo-* Submitted for publication September 13 globin per 100 ml) of unknown cause. No history of aspiration pneumonia was obtained.…”

Alteração das pressões anais na gravidez

“…Entre elas, diminuição da pressão da cárdia 7 ; estase da bile 8 ; interferências do ciclo menstrual 9 e ação dos anovulatórios no esvaziamento vesicular 10 .…”