Heart Rate Variability and Sympathetic Skin Response in Male Patients Suffering From Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Bär, Karl‐Jürgen; Boettger, Michael Karl; Neubauer, Rene; Grotelüschen, Marei; Jochum, Thomas; Baier, V.; Sauer, Heinrich; Voss, Andreas

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00191.x

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Chronic excessive alcohol consumption increases HR and decreases HRV in human beings (Malpas et al 1991;Ingjaldsson et al 2003), both of which were observed in this study. In contrast, acute withdrawal in human beings is associated with increased HR but no change in the power spectrum or other measures of HRV (Bar et al 2006). On the other hand, a history of alcohol dependence appears to have a large effect in determining HRV in people even after short-term abstinence (Karimullah et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of chronic moderate alcohol consumption and novel environment on heart rate variability in primates (Macaca fascicularis)

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of chronic moderate alcohol consumption and novel environment on heart rate variability in primates (Macaca fascicularis)

et al. 2007

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“…We also included 4 articles (Bar et al, 2006b(Bar et al, , 2008DePetrillo et al, 1999;Karimullah et al, 2001) that used nonlinear Hurst exponent (H) and compression entropy measures (H c ). Nonlinear HRV measures such as compression entropy (H c ) and the Hurst exponent (H) are occasionally used in HRV research applications.…”

Section: Methodology Outcome Measures and Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Heart Rate Variability in Alcohol-Dependent Subjects and Nondependent Chronic Alcohol Users

Karpyak

Romanowicz

Schmidt

et al. 2013

Alcohol Clin Exp Res

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Heart rate variability (HRV) is an objective and sensitive measure of integrated physiological functioning reflective of heart rhythm responsivity to internal and external demands. Reduced HRV is associated with vulnerability to stress and deterioration of medical and/or psychiatric conditions, while increased HRV is associated with a favorable treatment response and recovery from various medical and/or psychiatric conditions. Our previous review found that acute alcohol consumption caused decreased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic HRV effects in both nonalcoholic and chronic alcohol users. This review investigates the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on HRV in alcohol-dependent subjects and nondependent users. MEDLINE, Scopus, and PubMed were searched for human experimental and clinical trials that measured the effects of chronic alcohol use on HRV. Only publications that included a description of their study designs and clearly stated methodologies for data collections, and outcome measures were reviewed. We have reviewed a total of 24 articles. In nondependent users, low dose (approximating the recommended daily amount of 1 standard drink in women and 2 in men) use is associated with increased HRV parameters compared to those who drink less frequently or abstain altogether. A further increase in consumption is associated with decreased HRV compared to both abstainers and more moderate drinkers. HRV changes during withdrawal generally follow the same negative direction but are more complex and less understood. In dependent subjects, an improvement in HRV was seen following abstinence but remained reduced compared to nonalcoholic controls. This review demonstrates that HRV changes associated with chronic use follow a J-shaped curve. It supports recommendations that limit daily alcohol intake to no more than 2 drinks for men and 1 drink for women. Future studies should investigate HRV as a biomarker of alcoholism development and treatment response as well as the physiological basis for alcohol effects on HRV.

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“…Furthermore, unlike in the SD group, where higher HRs were associated with cue-induced alcohol craving as previously reported in the literature (Carter and Tiffany, 1999), the AD group showed increased HR in the cue condition but no association between increased HR and craving levels. Elevated cardiac output, increased HR, and decreased HR variability have been reported during acute alcohol withdrawal and during alcohol abstinence up to 4 weeks (Rechlin et al, 1996;Ingjaldsson et al, 2003;Bar et al, 2006;Thayer et al, 2006;Kahkonen and Bondarenko, 2000). Consistent with these human data, recent preclinical findings in nonhuman primates also indicate that chronic use of moderate levels of alcohol significantly increased HR, decreased HR variability, and altered HR responses to stress of a novel environment (Shively et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Enhanced Negative Emotion and Alcohol Craving, and Altered Physiological Responses Following Stress and Cue Exposure in Alcohol Dependent Individuals

Sinha

Fox

Hong

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

399

383

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Chronic alcohol abuse is associated with changes in stress and reward pathways that could alter vulnerability to emotional stress and alcohol craving. This study examines whether chronic alcohol abuse is associated with altered stress and alcohol craving responses. Treatment-engaged, 28-day abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals (ADs; 6F/22M), and social drinkers (SDs; 10F/18M) were exposed to a brief guided imagery of a personalized stressful, alcohol-related and neutral-relaxing situation, one imagery condition per session, presented in random order across 3 days. Alcohol craving, anxiety and emotion ratings, behavioral distress responses, heart rate, blood pressure, and salivary cortisol measures were assessed. Alcohol patients showed significantly elevated basal heart rate and salivary cortisol levels. Stress and alcohol cue exposure each produced a significantly enhanced and persistent craving state in alcohol patients that was marked by increased anxiety, negative emotion, systolic blood pressure responses, and, in the case of alcohol cue, behavioral distress responses, as compared to SDs. Blunted stress-induced cortisol responses were observed in the AD compared to the SD group. These data are the first to document that stress and cue exposure induce a persistent negative emotion-related alcohol craving state in abstinent alcoholics accompanied by dysregulated HPA and physiological arousal responses. As laboratory models of stress and negative mood-induced alcohol craving are predictive of relapse outcomes, one implication of the current data is that treatments targeting decreases in stress and alcohol cue-induced craving and regulation of stress responses could be of benefit in improving alcohol relapse outcomes.

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Heart Rate Variability and Sympathetic Skin Response in Male Patients Suffering From Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of chronic moderate alcohol consumption and novel environment on heart rate variability in primates (Macaca fascicularis)

Effects of chronic moderate alcohol consumption and novel environment on heart rate variability in primates (Macaca fascicularis)

Characteristics of Heart Rate Variability in Alcohol-Dependent Subjects and Nondependent Chronic Alcohol Users

Enhanced Negative Emotion and Alcohol Craving, and Altered Physiological Responses Following Stress and Cue Exposure in Alcohol Dependent Individuals

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