Characteristics of Heart Rate Variability in Alcohol-Dependent Subjects and Nondependent Chronic Alcohol Users

Karpyak, Victor M.; Romanowicz, Magdalena; Schmidt, John E.; Lewis, Kriste A.; Bostwick, John

doi:10.1111/acer.12270

Cited by 51 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Several studies have provided evidence of a reduction in HRV, particularly in the vagal-related indices, in abstinent chronic alcoholics during daytime electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings (for a review, please see Karpyak, Romanowicz, Schmidt, Lewis, & Bostwick, 2014; Quintana, McGregor, Guastella, Malhi, & Kemp, 2013). HRV has also been suggested as a potential marker of relapse in alcohol-dependent patients, showing greater HF-HRV reactivity to stress-primed alcohol cues in relapsing patients compared to patients who did not relapse (Garland, Franken, & Howard, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac autonomic function during sleep: Effects of alcohol dependence and evidence of partial recovery with abstinence

Zambotti

Willoughby

Baker

et al. 2015

Alcohol

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Chronic alcoholism is associated with the development of cardiac and peripheral autonomic nervous system (ANS) pathology. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the extent to which recovery in ANS function could be demonstrated over the first 4 months of abstinence. Fifteen alcoholics (7 women) were studied on three occasions: within a month of detoxification, at approximately 2 months post-detox, and at 4 months post-detox. Thirteen control subjects (6 women) were also studied on three occasions with inter-study intervals matching those of the alcoholics. Six alcoholics relapsed, 48.7 ± 27.9 days following the initial PSG session. ANS function was assessed in the first part of stable non-rapid eye movement sleep. Frequency-domain power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) produced variables including: heart rate (HR), total power (TP; an index representing total HR variability), High Frequency power (HFa; an index reflecting cardiac vagal modulation), HF proportion of total power (HFprop sympathovagal balance), and HF peak frequency (HFpf; an index reflecting respiration rate). Overall, high total and high frequency variability and low sympathovagal balance and myocardial contractility are considered as desired conditions to promote cardiovascular health. At initial assessment, alcoholics had a higher HR (p < 0.001) and respiratory rate (p < 0.01), and lower vagal activity (HFa; p < 0.01) than controls. Alcoholics showed evidence of recovery in HR (p = 0.039) and HFa (p = 0.031) with 4 months of abstinence. Alcoholics with higher TP at the initial visit showed a greater improvement in TP from the initial to the 4-month follow-up session (r = 0.75, p < 0.05). Alcoholics showed substantial recovery in HR and vagal modulation of HRV with 4 months of abstinence, with evidence that the extent of recovery in HRV may be partially determined by the extent of alcohol dependence-related insult to the cardiac ANS system. These data support other studies showing recovery in a number of ANS, central nervous system, and behavioral domains with abstinence, even in those with long-term dependence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac autonomic function during sleep: Effects of alcohol dependence and evidence of partial recovery with abstinence

Zambotti

Willoughby

Baker

et al. 2015

Alcohol

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“…Additionally, the findings of this study are consistent with a recent study demonstrating increased HRV in moderate drinkers compared to abstainers (Quintana et al, 2013b). Another recent review indicates that use of alcohol approximating 1 to 2 standard drinks is associated with increased HRV compared with abstention or less frequent use (Karypak, 2013). This review also indicates that heavier use of alcohol may be associated with decreased HRV, suggesting a J-shaped relationship between alcohol use and HRV changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Reactivity During the Ascending Phase of Acute Intravenous Alcohol Exposure and Association with Subjective Perceptions of Intoxication in Social Drinkers

Vatsalya

Momenan

Hommer

et al. 2014

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Objectives The aim of this study was to characterize cardiac reactivity measures, heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), following acute intravenous (IV) alcohol administration and their association with subjective responses in social drinkers. Methods 24 subjects (11 females) received IV alcohol infusions to attain and clamp the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) at 50 mg% or placebo in separate sessions. Serial 5-min cardiac recordings at baseline and during the infusion were analyzed to obtain frequency and time-domain cardiac measures. Self-reported subjective perceptions were also obtained at the same time-points. Results HR showed significant decreases from baseline, while the HRV measure pNN50 showed steady increases during the ascending phase of alcohol infusion. HR was inversely correlated with pNN50 across time and treatment. There was a significant association of HR with subjective feelings of high, intoxication, feelings and liking of drug effects across time during the ascending phase. Conclusions Acute IV alcohol resulted in decreases in HR and increases in HRV consistent with autonomic parasympathetic activation. The association of these changes with subjective responses suggests that cardiac reactivity may serve as a physiological marker of subjective alcohol effects. This study broadens the understanding of acute cardiovascular effects of alcohol and clinically significant cardiac conditions like arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy associated with chronic alcohol drinking.

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“…Both active and passive smoking lead to an increase in HRV 58 . Regular chronic alcohol abuse above the alcohol quantity of a standard drink for women or two standard drinks for men reduces HRV, while moderate alcohol consumption up to these quantities does not change the HRV and is not associated with an increase 59 .…”

Section: Lifestyle Habitsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Factors influencing heart rate variability

Sammito¹,

Böckelmann²

2016

ICFJ

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The measurement and analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), which is based on the variation between consecutive NN intervals, has become an established procedure over the past two decades. A decrease in HRV has been shown to correlate with an increase in mortality. HRV is influenced by a number of physiological factors such as various diseases. Awareness of these mediators or confounders is of great importance in the analysis and assessment of HRV both in scientific studies and in clinical practice. This document, which is based on a selective survey of references and supplemented by information from national and international guidelines, presents the main endogenous, exogenous and constitutional factors. A decrease in HRV has been observed not only in connection with non-influenceable physiological factors such as age, gender and ethnic origin, but also in conjunction with a large number of acute and chronic diseases. Numerous lifestyle factors have both a positive and a negative influence on HRV. There are also physical influences that affect HRV. They must on no account be disregarded. Although the list of the factors is long and not all of them have yet been fully studied, awareness of them is of crucial importance in the measurement of HRV (both under laboratory conditions and during medical practice), its analysis and its assessment. More research also needs to be carried out to close knowledge gaps.

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Characteristics of Heart Rate Variability in Alcohol-Dependent Subjects and Nondependent Chronic Alcohol Users

Cited by 51 publications

References 44 publications

Cardiac autonomic function during sleep: Effects of alcohol dependence and evidence of partial recovery with abstinence

Cardiac autonomic function during sleep: Effects of alcohol dependence and evidence of partial recovery with abstinence

Cardiac Reactivity During the Ascending Phase of Acute Intravenous Alcohol Exposure and Association with Subjective Perceptions of Intoxication in Social Drinkers

Factors influencing heart rate variability

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