Heart Rate Changes in Electroacupuncture Treated Polycystic Ovary in Rats

Abstract

IntRoductIonCardiovascular disease (CVD) in one of the most common metabolic disorder in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, it is also associated with insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and obesity [1,2]. Young women with PCOS have increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity in heart measured by heart rate variability (HRV) [3].Autonomic imbalance in heart is related to CVD, group of women with PCOS has high risk of CVD [4]. Heart rate fluctuation is an indication of autonomic nervous system dysfunction in response to anxiety and environmental stimuli [5].Earlier studies show EV induced PCOS animal model shows acyclicity in the ovary [6]. The induced PCOS rats have shown alterations in basal luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and gonadotrophin releasing hormone and sympathetic activity of the heart [7]. The PCOS in rats and the human shows similar endocrinological and morphological features [8].A serious alteration of HRV is associated with CVD [9] Alteration of HRV in different stages of the menstrual cycle was reported [10]. HRV is a non-invasive index for studying the autonomic activity of heart. The linear method of HRV is analysed by time and frequency domain. The time domain analysis measures changes in heart rate over time. The time domain parameters are driven mainly via parasympathetic innervations of heart. In short term recordings the frequency domain analysis of heart rate explains three bands very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) [11]. An alternate approach of recording ECG in conscious state allows a long term HRV study in a rat model [12]. HRV has been studied for alterations in the autonomic activity of heart during acupressure stimulation in Dysmenorrhoea [13].The standard pharmacological treatment for PCOS is effective, but it has side effect such as super ovulation are common. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling may help in regulating ovulation in women with PCOS [14]. Manual stimulation of acupuncture needles and metformin therapy, both showed similar improvement Keywords: Heart rate variablity, Estradiol valerate, Polycystic ovary syndrome

Acupuncture or auricular electro-acupuncture as adjuncts to lifestyle interventions for weight management in PCOS: protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility study

“…Previous clinical research showed that AEA resulted in improvement in HRV LF/HF ratios over the course of the protocol intervention, implying improved sympathovagal balance [44]; however, this was measured using ambulatory HRV monitoring, which has not been validated against the gold standard of electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. To date, the effect of acupuncture on HRV in women with PCOS has not been evaluated, although electro-acupuncture improved HRV and restored oestrous cycling compared to sham handling in a recent rat study [73].…”

Sex differences, chronobiology and general anaesthesia in activities of the autonomic nervous system in rats

“…For example, in a study by Johnson et al (2011), LF was higher than HF spectral power, which would indicate the predominance of baroreceptor activity. In a study by Ramadoss et al (2016), the values of frequency parameters were significantly higher compared to other studies and, therefore, were not included in the average values presented in Table 1, and the LF/HF ratio indicates the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. VLF spectral power has not been evaluated.…”

“…Although hypotheses regarding sex differences in the activities of the ANS measured according HRV have not yet been confirmed, they have not been rejected because there are only four studies that involved conscious female rats (Johnson et al, 2011;Koresh et al, 2016;Ramadoss et al, 2016;Singh et al, 2018) whereas the control values from individual studies are not unequivocal. For example, in a study by Johnson et al (2011), LF was higher than HF spectral power, which would indicate the predominance of baroreceptor activity.…”

Effects of Acupuncture Treatment on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

“…Therefore, in our laboratory, we aimed to investigate the autonomic alteration of the HR in women with PCOS and the effect of EAT on it. For this study, we used the estradiol valerate (EV)-induced PCO rat model [47]. In this study, the vaginal smear was taken periodically from the control and experimental group rats.…”