Heart Disease in Australia 1960–1980 and the National Heart Foundation

Reader, Ralph

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1979.tb112132.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Between 1950 and 1962, the mortality rate from coronary heart disease among men aged 35–39 years rose by a staggering 78%, and by 35% in men aged 40–59 years, compared with a rise of only 12% in the total population (among women, the change was negligible) 15 . In 1960, coronary heart disease alone accounted for one in every three deaths in Australia (today, the proportion is closer to one in four) 16 . The nutritional theory of the time was inadequate to explain this situation.…”

Section: Second Paradigm Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paradigm shifts in the history of dietary advice in Australia

Santich

2005

Nutrition & Dietetics

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(Nutr Diet 2005;62:152–157) Dietary advice in Australia, understood as recommendations as to a ‘better’ way of eating directed to the general population, has changed significantly as a result of advances in nutritional science and, in accordance with the structure of scientific revolutions outlined by Thomas Kuhn, by a series of ‘paradigm shifts’. These occur when the existing theory or paradigm becomes inadequate to explain observations or research findings and is discarded in favour of a new paradigm. In the history of dietary advice in Australia, paradigm shifts are associated with the discovery of vitamins at the beginning of the twentieth century and recognition of the role of fat in heart disease in the second half of the twentieth century. In both instances, a consequence of the paradigm shift was dramatic changes in dietary advice. While research has played, and continues to play, a significant role in the shaping of dietary advice, the direction of nutrition research is increasingly influenced by commercial considerations, which has implications for future dietary advice.

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Section: Second Paradigm Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 In 1960, coronary heart disease alone accounted for one in every three deaths in Australia (today, the proportion is closer to one in four). 16 The nutritional theory of the time was inadequate to explain this situation. The so-called 'protective diet' was clearly not protecting against heart disease.…”

Section: Second Paradigm Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradigm shifts in the history of dietary advice in Australia

Santich

2005

Nutrition & Dietetics

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“…Actuarial freedom from reoperation in patients with mechanical valves was 92% at 10 years and 87% at 12 years. 3 (P=0.04) and in those who required reoperation (P=0.04), these differences predominantly are due to a higher perioperative mortality in these groups of patients (18070, 13% and 16%, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Valvular surgery in Western Australia: a 15‐year review

Nidorf

Tofler

Gibson

et al. 1988

Medical Journal of Australia

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Between 1970 and 1984,1138 patients underwent the insertion of 1300 prosthetic heart valves in Western Australia; 56% received an aortic‐valve replacement; 34% received a mitral‐valve replacement and 10% had more than one valve replaced. Mechanical valves were used in 93% of patients before 1977, in 20% of patients between 1978 and 1982 and in 70% of patients from 1983 onwards. The 30‐day mortality was 18% before 1973 and has been below 6% since 1974. The over‐all, 15‐year actuarial survival rate was 67%; this was not affected by age, sex, race, valvular position or the type of prosthesis. Both the 30‐day mortality and 15‐year survival rates were significantly worse in patients who underwent multiple valvular replacements (13% and 54%, respectively) or reoperation (16% and 58%, respectively). The major causes of death were cardiac failure and myocardial infarction (65%); endocarditis (13%); cancer (6%); and thromboembolism and bleeding (6%). The hazard rate for reoperation was low and fairly constant in patients with mechanical valves, but increased markedly after four years in patients with tissue valves. Although our experience so far suggests that survival rates are not affected by the choice of prosthesis, this may not be so in the future, as more patients with tissue valves undergo reoperation and so become exposed to an increased risk of mortality.

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The National Heart Foundation of Australia: The first 21 years

Reader¹

1999

The Asia Pacific Heart Journal

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Heart Disease in Australia 1960–1980 and the National Heart Foundation

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Paradigm shifts in the history of dietary advice in Australia

Paradigm shifts in the history of dietary advice in Australia

Valvular surgery in Western Australia: a 15‐year review

The National Heart Foundation of Australia: The first 21 years

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