Health risk assessment of trace elements in Chinese raisins produced in Xinjiang province

Fang, Yong; Zhang, A.; Wang, H.; Li, He; Zhang, Z.W.; Chen, S.X.; Luan, Li-Ying

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.10.018

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…All of these values are close to our results. Our results were decidedly lower than those recorded by Ko et al [13], 70 mg/kg dry weight, but similar to those found in a recent work on Chinese raisins (<7 mg/kg) [39]. Of course, higher concentrations (>100 mg/kg dry wt) were reported for grapes treated with As-containing pesticides and preservatives [40], even after grape-washing treatment [13].…”

Section: Arsenic In Grape Berriessupporting

confidence: 86%

Arsenic present in the soil‐vine‐wine chain in vineyards situated in an old mining area in Trentino, Italy

Bertoldi

Villegas

Larcher

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The present study follows arsenic (As) transfer through the chain of soil-vine-leaves-grapes-wine to assess the possible risk of arsenic intake related to consuming grapes and wines produced in 10 vineyards located in a mining area rich in this element. The results are compared with date from 18 uncontaminated areas. In the soil, the content of As extracted with acqua regia and that extracted with ammonium acetate, were analyzed. Leaves and berries were analyzed after washing with acidified aqueous solution and acid mineralization in a closed vessel, whereas wines were simply diluted before analysis. All analyses were performed using an inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometer. The aqua regia extractable As concentration in soil ranged from 3.7 to 283 mg/kg, whereas available As varied from 18 to 639 mg/kg, and As total concentration ranged from 16.3 to 579 mg/kg dry weight in leaves and from <0.1 to 36.8 mg/kg dry weight in grapes. Arsenic levels in wines were always below 1.62 mg/L, with higher concentration in red wines than in white wines. Significant and positive correlations between the As concentrations in soils, leaves, and berries are highlighted, with the samples collected near the mining area having significantly higher values. Nevertheless, As levels in wines were always well below the limit (200 mg/L) suggested by the International Organization of Vine and Wine. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:773-779. # 2013 SETAC

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Section: Arsenic In Grape Berriessupporting

confidence: 86%

Arsenic present in the soil‐vine‐wine chain in vineyards situated in an old mining area in Trentino, Italy

Bertoldi

Villegas

Larcher

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…The ripe fruits are hung on brackets on wooden sticks in the middle of a chamber. Then, these fruits are dried for about 4-6 weeks by exposing them to the hot and dry desert winds (Fang et al, 2010). Compared with sun-dried raisins, those produced by this technology retain their original green color, have a sweeter flavor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Chinese raisins produced in Xinjiang Province

Meng

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2011

Food Research International

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“…Raisins are one of the most important dried fruits, and have great consumption in the world (Fang et al 2010), and contamination of raisins could be harmful for human. In the present study; we propose a new method for the analysis of OTA in raisin, which was confirmed with IAC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…United States, Chile Iran and Turkey are the lead raisin exporter countries. In raisining process, bunch of grapes are dried in a well-ventilated room (air-dried), or placed under sunlight (sun-dried) until the grapes are dried, in this process, moisture may create appropriate condition for fungi growing, and increasing the OTA content (Fang et al 2010;Hui 2008). Varga et al analyzed 20 raisin samples, all samples were contaminated with OTA and the heavily contaminated raisin sample came from Iran (Varga et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A validated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for extraction of ochratoxin A from raisin samples

et al. 2013

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A method based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was developed for the quantitative extraction of Ochratoxin A (OTA) from raisin samples. The influence of various parameters on the recovery of OTA such as type and volume of DLLME extractant, centrifuging and sonication time, also volume of deionized water was investigated. Recovery values under the optimum conditions were between 68.6 and 85.2 %, the inner and intra-day precision expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD%, n =3), were less than 15 % at spiking levels of 2.5-30 μg kg −1 . Linearity was studied from 0.5 to 30 μg L −1 , and the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.7 and 2.0 μg kg −1 , respectively. Real samples were analyzed by DLLME method and compared with confirmative immunoaffinity Column Chromatography (IAC) clean-up. Low cost, simplicity of operation, speed and minimum consumption of organic solvent were the main advantages of proposed method. The mean contamination of samples was 0.88 μg kg −1 that was lower than European Legal Limit.

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Health risk assessment of trace elements in Chinese raisins produced in Xinjiang province

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Arsenic present in the soil‐vine‐wine chain in vineyards situated in an old mining area in Trentino, Italy

Arsenic present in the soil‐vine‐wine chain in vineyards situated in an old mining area in Trentino, Italy

Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Chinese raisins produced in Xinjiang Province

A validated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for extraction of ochratoxin A from raisin samples

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