Health effects of metropolitan traffic-related air pollutants on street vendors

Kongtip, Pornpimol; Thongsuk, Wanpen; Yoosook, Witaya; Chantanakul, Suttinun

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.025

Cited by 47 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Rather than reinforce an inaccurate perception of vendors as the subjects of crime, this research reveals how street traders are often the victims of theft, illness, extortion and illegal police seizures. This broadens the traditional conception of the occupational hazards faced by vendors, normally measured through pollution from car exhausts (Kongtip et al, 2006). Additional research should be carried out to identify the particular situations in which vendors are willing to trade better working conditions for lower profi ts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Informal Cities and the Contestation of Public Space: The Case of Bogotá's Street Vendors, 1988—2003

2008

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The resurgence of informal street trading poses serious challenges for local officials responsible for the maintenance of public space. This article contextualises the tension between public space recuperation and informality, providing a detailed case study of Bogotá, Colombia (population 7.6 million). From 1988 to 2003, Bogotá's mayors implemented one of the most ambitious public space campaigns in Latin America. The `tipping-points' behind Bogotá's transition are illuminated with emphasis on the introduction of free mayoral elections and the enervation of informal vendor unions. Using a cohort panel design, this research also examines the working conditions and occupational hazards faced by vendors both before and after relocation to government-built markets. It reveals how formalised vendors experienced declining income levels, but improved working conditions. The final section examines public policy implications and the extent to which Bogotá's experience follows traditional models of public space planning in Latin America and the Caribbean.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Informal Cities and the Contestation of Public Space: The Case of Bogotá's Street Vendors, 1988—2003

2008

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“…Moreover, at low speed the conversion factor of regulated threeway catalytic converters is lower (Heeb et al 2000). Consequently, the poor quality of the air in metropolitan areas may be a serious hazard to the inhabitants, as emphasized by numerous studies (Kongtip et al 2006;Hinwood et al 2007). In contrast to a larger number of reports on metropolitan areas, only a few studies considered the pollutant levels in suburban areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Temporal and spatial distribution of BTEX pollutants in the atmosphere of metropolitan areas and neighbouring towns

Iovino

Polverino

Salvestrini

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Atmospheric BTEX [benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene and (m + p)-xylene] concentrations have been determined in the Naples metropolitan area (NMA) and in two suburban areas located on the north within about 25 km, during 2006. The pollutants were collected by passive samplers (24-h samplings), and analysed by GC-MS. In all the areas analysed the average atmospheric benzene concentrations were higher than the limit value fixed by the European Union for 2010 and in NMA the average concentration (9.8 microg m(-3)) also exceeded the limit fixed for 2006. High linear correlation coefficients between the average daily concentrations of the different BTEX are indicative of a single major source, most likely the vehicular traffic. The temporal and spatial distribution of BTEX relative concentrations suggest that massive emissions in NMA negatively affect the quality of the air in northern suburban areas, prevalently during the hottest months of the year, probably due to transport by local seasonal winds. The ratios between BTEX daily concentrations showed a clear dependence on the intensity of solar actinic flow, indicating a major role of photochemical processes in the air cleaning from these volatile organic pollutants.

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“…Hawkers often trade along pathways of congested traffic and concentrated air pollutants exacerbate conditions such as asthma, allergies, tuberculosis and chronic bronchitis. In these areas, the traders are at risk of eye irritation, dizziness, tightness of the chest, sore throats, colds and coughs 29 . Furthermore, the concentration and exposure to exhaust fumes can be a possible source of lead poisoning to traders 30 .…”

Section: Health and Well-being On The Streetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Street vendors face a number of difficulties outside of their control. This includes conflict with police, customers and fellow traders, poor integration into urban planning, competition for similar goods, negative public attitudes and daily physical obstructions 3,25,29 .…”

Section: The Social Political and Cultural Environment And Its Impacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Street vending in South Africa: An entrepreneurial occupation

Gamieldien

Niekerk

2017

S. Afr. j. occup. ther

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BACKGROUND: Not all occupations are undertaken entirely by choice. Numerous personal, cultural, economic and social factors influence participation in occupation. In low and middle-income countries, such as South Africa, disparate socio-economic factors might necessitate participation in occupations considered to be 'less desirable'. In this article the occupation of street vending is explored and discussed, with an emphasis on livelihood creation and the meaning and purpose derived from this occupation. Street vending is considered for its potential as a vocational occupation for people facing disabling conditions. METHODS: A collective case study was done comprising six participants who were selected through maximum variation sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Data analysis took the form of an inductive content analysis. RESULTS: Occupational therapists need a comprehensive understanding of occupations before making judgements about these, especially when such occupations are not considered mainstream. One such occupation, namely street vending, predominates in the informal economy of South Africa. Findings revealed that, despite hardships associated with this occupation, street vendors adapt to social, political and economic challenges in their context. RECOMMENDATIONS: A comprehensive approach is needed when appraising the suitability of occupations; one that focuses on the transformative value of occupations in livelihood creation, rather than focusing narrowly on their therapeutic use or potential to contribute to personal meaning. Occupational therapists should adopt a multi-dimensional approach by considering vocational occupations within their social, cultural and political context, whilst keeping the functional requirement in mind and matching these dimensions with impairment or disability if prevalent. Key words: Street vending; livelihood creation; informal economy; occupation; occupational justice

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Health effects of metropolitan traffic-related air pollutants on street vendors

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Informal Cities and the Contestation of Public Space: The Case of Bogotá's Street Vendors, 1988—2003

Informal Cities and the Contestation of Public Space: The Case of Bogotá's Street Vendors, 1988—2003

Temporal and spatial distribution of BTEX pollutants in the atmosphere of metropolitan areas and neighbouring towns

Street vending in South Africa: An entrepreneurial occupation

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