Health-care-associated infection in Africa: a systematic review

Nejad, S Bagheri; Allegranzi, Benedetta; Syed, Shamsuzzoha B; Ellis, Benjamin; Pittet, Didier

doi:10.2471/blt.11.088179

Cited by 362 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As reflected on table 1, the mininum age of the subjects ranged from 11years to 65years with mean age of 38years .Over 39% were in the age group (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), over 77% of the subjects were females and 74.8% were married. On the educational level, 59.8% hold senior secondary while 14.96% hold no formal education.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bacterial Agents of Abdominal Surgical Site Infections in General Hospital Funtua, Katsina State, North-Western Nigeria

A¹,

Yunusa²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2014

IOSRJDMS

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Results: 28(22.05%) of the 127 patients studied developed surgical site infections, based on clinical criteria and 25(19.6%) based on bacteriological criteria. Pseudomonas spp. was the most frequently cultured aerobic organism in 39% (n=11 ) of the cultures, while Klebsiella in 21% (n=6) and Staphylococcus in 17% (n=5).Over 80% of the organisms demonstrated less than 50% sensitivity to the tested antibiotics. Conclusion:

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bacterial Agents of Abdominal Surgical Site Infections in General Hospital Funtua, Katsina State, North-Western Nigeria

A¹,

Yunusa²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2014

IOSRJDMS

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“…Infections occurring more than 48 hours after admission are usually considered nosocomial. Hospital acquired infections (HAI) and health care associated infections (HCAI) also include occupational infections among health facility staff [2]. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial contaminants have been reported to survive on dry surfaces including those commonly touched by healthcare staff and patients for prolong periods and serve as source of hand transfer of microorganisms known to cause infections [5]. The most common organisms that cause hospital acquired infections are Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas spp [2]. These infections significantly affect the resource needs of hospitalized patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility test of bacteria from healthcare workers and hospital environment

Ahmed¹,

Y²

2018

GSC Biol. Pharm. Sci.

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Hospital-acquired infections are one of the most significant adverse events for healthcare institutions increasing morbidity and mortality. The hospital environment is a potential source of infection especially with pathogenic bacteria. The study was aimed at identifying some possible sources of pyogenic bacterial infections in a Private hospital and determining the antibiotic susceptibility. Bacteriological analysis of swabs from hands of health care staff, the floors in the wards and clinics, beds and examination couches in the clinics and wards was carried out. Organisms were identified by Gram stain, catalase and coagulase test oxidase test. Bacillus spp and Streptococcus spp were isolated from the floor, bed and air. Staphylococcus spp was isolated from the hands of health workers. The organisms isolated were resistant to cloxacillin, amoxicillin, and streptomycin but susceptible to ofloxacin, gentamicin and co-trimoxazole. The findings in this study reveal that the hospital environment and the hands of healthcare workers can serve as a reservoir for antibiotic resistant microorganisms.

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“…The prevalence of HAIs is higher in developing countries, particularly in Africa, compared to the developed world [2][3]. HAIs cause approximately 100,000 deaths per year in developed countries such as the United States [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outbreak of Serratia liquefaciens at a rural health center in The Gambia

Ikumapayi

Kanteh

Manneh

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are better documented in developed than in developing countries. There are emerging reports regarding the high frequency of HAIs in developing countries. We aimed to report an outbreak of an HAI caused by Serratia liquefaciens at a rural health center in The Gambia. Methodology: Following an abrupt increase in the isolation of S. liquefaciens in clinical samples, laboratory and clinical consumables, as well as staff, were screened for contamination with S. liquefaciens. Conventional microbiological techniques and biochemical identification tests were used. A phenotypic typing was achieved using the Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility method. Strategies to control the outbreak were implemented. Results: A total of 794 samples were processed during the outbreak; 44 (6%) grew S. liquefaciens. Five (25%) of the 20 suspected contaminated materials (hospital consumables and equipment) screened yielded growth of the organism. The primary source of the outbreak was hospital consumables. Three (7%) of the 44 infected children died with no other known cause than S. liquefaciens infection. Ninety-nine percent similarity of the antibiogram phenotypic typing suggests the isolates were from the same clonal origin. The outbreak was successfully controlled after the removal and sterilization of the respective contaminated fluids and equipment. Conclusions: This HAI was caused by poor practice in the preparation of medications for nebulization and intravenous infusion, hygiene practices, and a lack of awareness among staff about infection control. We recommend further studies to delineate the role played by HAIs in the developing world.

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Health-care-associated infection in Africa: a systematic review

Abstract: To assess the epidemiology of endemic health-care-associated infection (HAI) in Africa

Cited by 362 publications

References 26 publications

Bacterial Agents of Abdominal Surgical Site Infections in General Hospital Funtua, Katsina State, North-Western Nigeria

Bacterial Agents of Abdominal Surgical Site Infections in General Hospital Funtua, Katsina State, North-Western Nigeria

Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility test of bacteria from healthcare workers and hospital environment

An outbreak of Serratia liquefaciens at a rural health center in The Gambia

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