Health belief model concept on the prevention of coronavirus disease-19 using path analysis in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract

Background and Aim: Effective prevention of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) requires public health focus on challenges at the community level. This study aimed to identify the determinants of COVID-19 preventive behavior among people in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, using the health belief model. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The study sample included 385 randomly selected individuals. The dependent variable was COVID-19 preventive behavior. The data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis using Stata Statistical Software version 13 for Windows 64 bit. Results: COVID-19 preventive behavior was positively and directly associated with perceived benefits (b=0.20; confidence interval [CI] 95% 0.11-0.29; p<0.001), perceived barriers (b=–0.15; CI 95% –0.24-–0.06; p=0.002), and biological sex (b=–0.43; CI 05% –0.78-–0.08; p=0.016). Preventive behavior was also positively and directly associated with attitude (b=0.48; CI 95% –0.20-1.16; p=0.167) and perceived susceptibility (b=0.06; CI 95% –0.01-0.12; p=0.083), though these associations were not significant. Preventive behavior was indirectly associated with knowledge, perceived severity, age, health facility availability, and regulation exposure. Conclusion: COVID-19 preventive behavior among people in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, is directly related to the perceived benefits, biological sex, perceived barriers, attitude, and perceived susceptibility. Preventive behavior of COVID-19 is indirectly associated with knowledge, perceived severity, age, health facility availability, and exposure to regulation.

Factors Associated With Physical Activity and COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesian Adults

“…Our study demonstrates that participants with higher HBM-based social-cognitive processes are more likely to engage in sufficient COVID-19 preventive practices. To some extent, the findings aligned with other studies from regional areas in Indonesia (Duarsa et al, 2021;Fikriana et al, 2021;Winarti et al, 2021), as well as studies in other countries such as Sudan (Mehanna et al, 2021), Ethiopia (Shewasinad Yehualashet et al, 2021Tadesse et al, 2020), Saudi Arabia (Syed et al, 2021), Iran (Fathian-Dastgerdi et al, 2021Karimy et al, 2021;Shahnazi et al, 2020;Yeganeh & Karami, 2021;Zareipour et al, 2020), and the United States (Guidry et al, 2021). Although low perceived barriers were not associated with the likelihood of engaging in sufficient COVID-19 practice, the overall findings support the potential use of HBM to understand the correlates of COVID-19 preventive behaviors and to use the framework as the basis for developing public health programs for promoting these behaviors.…”

“…While the HBM has been used to explore COVID-19 preventive behaviors correlates in many countries worldwide, the use of HBM in studies in Indonesia is still limited. Moreover, studies of COVID-19 preventive behaviors and physical activity levels in Indonesia have mainly been conducted regionally, such as in East Java (Winarti et al, 2021), West Nusa Tenggara (Duarsa et al, 2021), and Greater Jakarta (Rosha et al, 2021). A few studies conducted at the national level only targeted specific demographics such as students (Aminah & Amaliyah, 2021;Saefi et al, 2020) and healthcare workers (Jamil et al, 2020;Rizki et al, 2021).…”

The Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health Seeking Behaviors of Adults Living With Chronic Conditions: A View Through the Health Belief Model

“…11 The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a conceptual framework that proposes constructs for the prediction and explanation of health-related behavior changes. 12 It is a widely used framework that describes and predicts preventive health behavior. 13,14 It places emphasis on intrapersonal elements, such as risk-related beliefs that affect people's health-related decision making.…”

Aspek Health Belief Model dan Kepatuhan Ibu Melakukan Kunjungan Antenatal K4 di Masa Pandemi COVID-19

“…Manfaat yang dirasakan seseorang akan berdampak pada tindakan pencegahannya. Manfaat yang dirasakan dapat mempengaruhi keputusan seseorang untuk bertindak atau mengambil tindakan untuk meminimalkan kerugian (Duarsa et al, 2021). Menurut peneliti sikap seseorang juga merupakan kepercayaan (keyakinan), ide, konsep terhadap suatu objek, kehidupan emosional atau evaluasi terhadap suatu objek dan kecenderungan untuk bertindak.…”

“…Manfaat yang dirasakan seseorang akan berdampak pada tindakan pencegahannya. Manfaat yang dirasakan dapat mempengaruhi keputusan seseorang untuk bertindak atau mengambil tindakan untuk meminimalkan kerugian (Duarsa et al, 2021).…”