Health applications of bioactive compounds from marine microalgae

“…Their ability to withstand environmental stress and outcompete other marine organisms is related to their capacity to produce a vast array of secondary metabolites, which have considerable value in the biotechnology, aquaculture, health and food industries (Anderson, 1996). Likewise, several studies have reported antibacterial activity in the cell lysates or extracts of various microalgal species (Desbois et al, 2009;Blunt et al, 2011;de Jesus Raposo et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

The inhibitory effect of a non-yessotoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge, towards Vibrio vulnificus and Staphylococcus aureus

Quijano-Scheggia

Barajas-Gonzalez

Lim

et al. 2016

RBT

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Abstract:The increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics has caused global concern, prompting the search for new compounds. Because of their abundance and diversity, marine phytoplankton are an important potential source of such compounds. Research on dinoflagellates has led to the discovery of inhibitors of bacterial growth. The marine dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum blooms in different regions of the world, including Mexico, and is also known to regulate the growth of other species in coastal waters. Here, we investigated the taxonomy of this dinoflagellate and characterized the ability of its extracts to inhibit the growth of two bacteria of medical importance (Vibrio vulnificus and Staphylococcus aureus). Taxonomic characterization was performed by PCR and gene amplification of ITS, and confirmed that the species isolated off the Pacific coast of Mexico was L. polyedrum. To prove the inhibitory effect of L. polyedrum extracts, cultures were harvested by centrifugation. Pellets from three cellular abundances were extracted with water, methanol, hexane and chloroform. The experiments on V. vulnificus showed a high growth inhibition for the four extracts, ranging from 77 to 98 %. Surprisingly, the growth inhibition was lower when the extracts originated from a higher L. polyedrum cell abundance, ranging from 0 to 34 %. For S. aureus, the growth inhibition was also high, but not statistically different for all extracts and cell abundances, ranging from 62 to 99 %. This study obtained promising results for future pharmacological applications. Our Mexican strain of L. polyedrum did not produce any detectable yessotoxins. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (2): 805-816. Epub 2016 June 01.

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“…The omega-3 LCPUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are primarily derived from oily fish (Nichols, 2010) or arising from use of some marine microalgae as a dietary supplement (Ulmann et al, 2014). Indeed, some species of microalgae are of particular interest and are used as a rich dietary source of EPA and DHA, but the consumption of complete microalgae or lipid extracts in the form of commercial food supplements is restricted to some genera, such as Arthrospira, Chlorella, Crypthecodinium, Dunaliella, and Odontella; however many other microalgae have been tested as potential food supplements, but are not yet authorized for commercial use (De Jesus et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine microalgae used as food supplements and their implication in preventing cardiovascular diseases

Mimouni

Ulmann

Haimeur

et al. 2015

OCL

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-Marine microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms producing numerous bioactive molecules of interest for health and disease care such as lipids rich in omega-3 fatty acids -as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3)-and carotenoids (e.g., β-carotene, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin). It has already been shown that these molecules, individually used, are benefic in the prevention of diseases such as those associated with the cardiovascular risks, but also in some carcinomas. When these molecules are combined, synergistic effects may be observed. Microalgae, as a dietary supplement, can be used to study these synergistic effects in animal models in which dyslipidemia can be induced by a nutrition treatment. Different marine microalgae of interest are studied in this context to determine their potential effect as an alternative source to marine omega-3 rich fish oils, actually widely used for human health. Actually, the pharmaceutical and nutrition industries are developing health research programs involving microalgae, trying to limit the dramatic reduction of fish stocks and the associated pollution in the marine environment. The aim of this review is threefold: (1) to present research on lipids, particularly long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, as components of marine microalgae used as food supplements; (2) to present the health benefits of some microalgae or their extracts, in particular in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and (3) to highlight the role of Odontella aurita, a marine microalga rich in EPA used as food supplement with the aim of preventing cardiovascular diseases.Keywords: Microalgae / Odontella aurita / omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids / food supplement / cardiovascular diseases Résumé -Microalgues marines utilisées comme compléments alimentaires et leur rôle dans la prévention des maladies cardiovasculaires. Les microalgues marines sont des micro-organismes photosynthétiques produisant de nombreuses molécules bioactives d'intérêt dans le domaine de la santé, tels que des lipides riches en acides gras oméga-3, comme l'acide eicosapentaénoïque (EPA, 20 :5 n-3) et l'acide docosahexaénoïque (DHA, 22 :6, n-3), et des caroténoïdes (par exemple, le β-carotène, la fucoxanthine, l'astaxanthine). Il a déjà été démontré que ces molécules ont un effet positif dans la prévention de maladies notamment celles qui sont associées au système cardiovasculaire, mais aussi dans certains carcinomes. Lorsque ces molécules sont combinées, des effets synergiques peuvent être observés. Les microalgues, utilisées en tant que compléments alimentaires, peuvent contribuer à étudier les effets synergiques de ces composés chez des modèles animaux pour lesquels apparaît une dyslipidémie d'origine nutritionnelle. Différentes microalgues marines sont utilisées dans ce contexte afin de déterminer leur potentiel d'action et de rechercher une source de lipides alternative aux huiles de poissons, ces dernières étant largement utilisées dans le domaine de la santé humaine en ...

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Health applications of bioactive compounds from marine microalgae

Cited by 313 publications

References 59 publications

Fatty Acid and Lipid Class Composition of the Microalga <i>Phaeodactylum tricorn</i><i>utum</i>

Fatty Acid and Lipid Class Composition of the Microalga <i>Phaeodactylum tricorn</i><i>utum</i>

The inhibitory effect of a non-yessotoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge, towards Vibrio vulnificus and Staphylococcus aureus

Marine microalgae used as food supplements and their implication in preventing cardiovascular diseases

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