Heading for a post-modern landscape — Portuguese trends in the reconciliation of environmental quality and landscape planning with economic development

Multifunctional forest management in Northern Portugal: Moving from scenarios to governance for sustainable development

“…Such a system worked well in a localised economy context. Successive Common Agriculture Policies (CAP) have been blamed for disrupting these traditional systems by incentivising mass agricultural production against which such "traditional management" practices could not compete (Andresen and Castelbranco, 1993). As a consequence of the disruption of the equilibrium between the mosaics of agriculture, forestry and grazing areas, the traditional management which created an integrated multifunctionality is no longer working, raising issues such as depopulation, ageing of rural population and land abandonment in many inland rural areas.…”

Towards a Postmodern Agricultural Economics

“…It would have been misconceived, however, to have taken an equally dismissive attitude to the work of Auguste Comte and the other Enlightenment philosophes during the late eighteenth century, in the light of their extensive subsequent influence on scientific and social investigation and practice. In addition to a far-reaching impact in the arts and humanities, the challenge of the perspective and its critique have recently been taken up by social scientists, including several from disciplines parallel to agricultural economics (for example, in rural geography and sociology, the dialogue between Philo, 1992, and Murdoch and Pratt, 1993regional science, Banai, 1993;forestry, McQuillan, 1993; landscape analysis, Andresen and Castelbranco, 1993;and development studies, Harris, 1994). That increasingly extensive interest provides justification for acquiring at least a slight knowledge of postmodernism, and its connotations may prove a useful adjunct to infrequent but increasingly fashionable transdisciplinary forays outside our established sphere.…”