HCV infection after accidental needlestick injury in health-care workers

Marranconi, F.; Mecenero, V.; Pellizzer, G.; Bettini, M. C.; Conforto, M.; Vaglia, A.; Stecca, C.; Cardone, E.; Lalla, Fausto de

doi:10.1007/bf01711079

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Direct percutaneous exposure to blood represented the primary route of HCV transmission from patients to healthcare providers. [11][12][13] Accidental occupational needle stick in Egypt is a significant risk for HCV exposure. [14] In 2006, Talaat et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus exposure rate among health-care workers in rural Lower Egypt governorates

Elbahrawy

Elwassief

Abdallah

et al. 2017

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine

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Background and Objectives: Studies on hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Egypt supported a strong role for various exposures in the health-care setting. In this study, we attempted to estimate the frequency of HCV exposure among Egyptian health-care workers (HCWs). Methods: Five hundred and sixty-four (564) HCWs were included in this study. Two hundred and fifty-eight (45.74%) were health-care providers and 306 (54.25%) were non-health-care providers. All HCWs completed both the study questionnaire and provided a blood sample for anti-HCV testing by third-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, anti-HCVpositive samples were tested for HCV RNA using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The mean age of included HCWs was 33.0 ± 9.8 years; of them, 319 (56.56%) were males and 245 (43.44%) were females. The mean duration of health-care work was 9.3 ± 6.7 years. The frequency of antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) among included HCWs was 8.7% (n = 49). Old age and prolonged duration of health-care work were significantly associated with anti-HCV seropositivity. Forty (81.63%) of 49 with anti-HCV-positive HCWs had positive hepatitis C viremia. The frequency of HCV RNA positivity increased with age. The frequency of eradicated past infection among nurses (36.85%) was markedly higher than that (6.7%) detected in non-health-care providers. Conclusion: High rate of HCV infection is detected in Egyptian HCWs in rural Lower Egypt governorates. Health-care providers seem to eradicate HCV infection more frequently than non-health-care providers. National screening and treatment of infected HCWs are recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus exposure rate among health-care workers in rural Lower Egypt governorates

Elbahrawy

Elwassief

Abdallah

et al. 2017

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine

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“…Since hepatitis C is a blood-borne infection and is transmitted efficiently by transfusion and by needle sharing, it stands to reason that an occupational risk for transmission of HCV in the health care setting might exist, including transmission from infected patients to staff, from patient to patient, and from infected providers to patients. Evidence that direct, percutaneous exposure to blood represents the primary route of transmission for HCV from patients to providers comes from case reports of occupational infection in the literature (46,210,223,230,237,238,282,297,300,325,330,349,351). So-called "inapparent parenteral inoculation" (60) and "inapparent parenteral transmission" likely account for the largest fraction of the remaining cases.…”

Section: In the Hospitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several case reports describing instances of well-documented occupational HCV infection have been published since serological and molecular testing for HCV has been developed (46, 210,223,230,237,238,282,284,293,297,299,300,325,330,349,351). I would stress that the nosocomial epidemiology of occupational HCV infection remains somewhat unclear.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I would stress that the nosocomial epidemiology of occupational HCV infection remains somewhat unclear. The overwhelming majority of infections are associated with parenteral exposures (46, 210,223,230,237,238,282,297,299,300,325,330,349,351), although two of the anecdotal reports describe infection associated with mucosal splashes (284,293). Delineating additional factors associated with occupational risk has been difficult for a variety of reasons, the most problematic of which is the fact that our current understanding of the pathogenesis, host response, and other early events in HCV infection is not precise.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing Occupational Risks for Hepatitis C Transmission in the Health Care Setting

Henderson

2003

Clin Microbiol Rev

104

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant contemporary health problem in the United States and elsewhere. Because it is primarily transmitted via blood, hepatitis C infection presents risks for both nosocomial transmission to patients and occupational spread to health care workers. Recent insights into the pathogenesis, immunopathogenesis, natural history, and treatment of infection caused by this unique flavivirus provide a rationale for the use of new strategies for managing occupational hepatitis C infections when they occur. This article reviews this developing information. Recently published data demonstrate success rates in the treatment of “acute hepatitis C syndrome” that approach 100\%, and although these studies are not directly applicable to all occupational infections, they may provide important clues to optimal management strategies. In addition, the article delineates approaches to the prevention of occupational exposures and also addresses the difficult issue of managing HCV-infected health care providers. The article summarizes currently available data about the nosocomial epidemiology of HCV infection and the magnitude of risk and discusses several alternatives for managing exposure and infection. No evidence supports the use of immediate postexposure prophylaxis with immunoglobulin, immunomodulators, or antiviral agents. Based on the very limited data available, the watchful waiting and preemptive therapy strategies described in detail in this article represent reasonable interim approaches to the complex problem of managing occupational HCV infections, at least until more definitive data are obtained

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“…Parenteral transmission may be a cause of infection in workers employed in the biomedical field; the risk is linked to the possibility of contact with infected biological fluids both from accidental needlestick injury [Schlipköter et al, 1990;Vaglia et al, 1990;Cariani et al, 1991;Seef, 1991;Marranconi et al, 1992] and from inoculation into skin discontinuity or across mucous membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of hepatitis C virus infection in a population exposed to biological materials

Trevisan¹,

Fanelli²,

Stocco³

et al. 1999

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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HCV infection after accidental needlestick injury in health-care workers

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

Hepatitis C virus exposure rate among health-care workers in rural Lower Egypt governorates

Hepatitis C virus exposure rate among health-care workers in rural Lower Egypt governorates

Managing Occupational Risks for Hepatitis C Transmission in the Health Care Setting

Risk of hepatitis C virus infection in a population exposed to biological materials

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