HBIM approach to implement the historical and constructive knowledge. The case of the Real Colegiata of San Isidoro (León, Spain)

Abstract

<p>The development of Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) focuses (among other uses) on the adaptation of the BIM methodology to the historical building’s features, as well as on increasing geometric accuracy and on model data enrichment. Regarding the first issue, it can be underlined, on the one hand, that historical buildings are the result of a sequence of transformations that take place throughout their whole history; they cannot be considered as unitary objects that have been created in a single moment. Therefore, they have a temporal sequence which can be understood as the essence of their evolving nature. On the other hand, historical architecture has different construction materials and techniques, with other kinds of features and pathological processes that are quite different from those of contemporary buildings. In this line, this study proposes a new workflow that allows outlining new criteria that include both the temporal sequence and the constructive features of historical buildings. For this purpose, the case study of the Real Colegiata of San Isidoro in León (Spain) has been considered. In order to create the model, several modelling strategies have been used to compare both the results and the time spent in this task. Then, the model has been divided into several parts, both in terms of constructive criteria and temporal stratification, and thus, the database and the implemented information have been organized following such essential aspects of the historical building. Finally, to provide an advanced and more efficient use of the information, customized queries have been created using Dynamo, allowing searching with combined criteria and the isolation and visualization of the resulting elements. This could be helpful for both research and conservation and management activities.</p><p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li><p>A comparison of modelling strategies applied to historical buildings taking into consideration their singularities and estimation of required times and benefits.</p></li><li><p>The division and taxonomy of the model to incorporate both the temporal sequence and the constructive aspects, allowing enrichment of the HBIM model with customized parameters.</p></li><li><p>The development of queries generated in Dynamo to allow customized and combined searches of data, optimizing the use of the database.</p></li></ul>

Documentation and modelling of a hypothetical reconstruction of the first Roman watermill in Hispania

“…On the other hand, as future work, it would be interesting to make the temporal sequence of the site using the HBIM models (Santoni, Martín-Talaverano, Quattrini & Murillo-Fragero, 2021) in archaeology and virtual reality (VR) that are currently having a great development and progress thanks to the direct application of new grades of generation (GOG) and accuracy (GOA). It has been possible to explore the creation of informative 3D representations composed of sub-elements (granular HBIM objects) characterized by a higher level of knowledge (Banfi, 2020).…”

Las fases históricas de la Iglesia de San Lorenzo de Valencia a través de la utilización de la metodología HBIM

“…The HBIM process, summarily, involves a reverse engineering solution, whereby parametric objects representing architectural elements are mapped based on laser scanner or photogrammetric survey data (Dore and Murphy, 2012). It is a process similar to how one works in building heritage, that is, the application of the science of archeology in architecture and historiographic analysis, as has been developed and implemented in the contributions of Historic England (2017), buildingSMART Spanish Chapter (2018), Castellano-Román and Pinto-Puerto (2019), Santoni et al (2020). Also relevant, in this sense, are the contributions in archeology by Luis Caballero Zoreda published by the CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas).…”

“…El proceso HBIM, en síntesis, implica una solución de ingeniería inversa, mediante la cual los objetos paramétricos que representan elementos arquitectónicos se mapean basados en un escaneo láser o datos de levantamientos fotogramétricos (Dore y Murphy, 2012). Se trata de un proceso similar a como se trabaja en el patrimonio edilicio, es decir, la aplicación de la ciencia de la arqueología en la arquitectura y los análisis historiográficos, como se ha desarrollado e implementado en las contribuciones de Historic England (2017), buildingSMART Spanish Chapter (2018), Castellano-Román y Pinto-Puerto (2019), Santoni et al (2020). También son relevantes, en este sentido, las aportaciones en arqueología de Luis Caballero Zoreda publicadas por el CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas).…”

Modeling the Fourth Dimension of Architectural Heritage: Enabling Processes for a Sustainable Conservation

“…In this panorama, the matter of modeling stratigraphic analysis is not yet fully resolved; by stressing this topic, a simultaneous reading of building diachronic transformations can be provided, enabling fundamental keys for knowledge and long-term care activities [28][29][30][31][32][33]. In longstanding practice, restoration as a discipline borrowed from archaeology the analysis of stratigraphic relationships to investigate and document the transformations of historical architectures.…”