Hazardous gas releases in urban areas: Assessment of consequences through CFD modelling

Pontiggia, M.; Derudi, Marco; Alba, M.; Scaioni, Marco; Rota, Renato

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.070

Cited by 122 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Applied studies refer to actual (isolated) buildings or actual building groups (urban areas) (e.g. Hanna et al, 2006;Patnaik et al, 2007;Baik et al, 2009;Pontiggia et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion on a high-resolution grid: A case study by LES and RANS for a building group in downtown Montreal

Gousseau¹,

Blocken²,

Stathopoulos³

et al. 2011

Atmospheric Environment

317

148

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Turbulence modeling and validation by experiments are key issues in the simulation of micro-scale atmospheric dispersion. This study evaluates the performance of two different modeling approaches (RANS standard k-ε and LES) applied to pollutant dispersion in an actual urban environment: downtown Montreal. The focus of the study is on near-field dispersion, i.e. both on the prediction of pollutant concentrations in the surrounding streets (for pedestrian outdoor air quality) and on building surfaces (for ventilation system inlets and indoor air quality). The high-resolution CFD simulations are performed for neutral atmospheric conditions and are validated by detailed wind-tunnel experiments. A suitable resolution of the computational grid is determined by grid-sensitivity analysis. It is shown that the performance of the standard k-ε model strongly depends on the turbulent Schmidt number, whose optimum value is case-dependent and a priori unknown. In contrast, LES with the dynamic subgrid-scale model shows a better performance without requiring any parameter input to solve the dispersion equation.

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“…Applied studies refer to actual (isolated) buildings or actual building groups (urban areas) (e.g. Hanna et al, 2006;Patnaik et al, 2007;Baik et al, 2009;Pontiggia et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion on a high-resolution grid: A case study by LES and RANS for a building group in downtown Montreal

Gousseau¹,

Blocken²,

Stathopoulos³

et al. 2011

Atmospheric Environment

317

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nesse ponto, mais uma vez, fica claro o caráter multidisciplinar dessa abordagem, que deve ser extensiva ao próprio ensino da Arquitetura. 29 Pontiggia e colaboradores 30 estudaram o lançamento de amônia em áreas urbanas abertas, utilizando o pacote computacional Fluent e o modelo monofásico de turbulência κ -ε de duas equações, importando geometrias complexas 3D para os bancos de dados topográficos. Tal estudo permitiu detalhamento da geometria de todas as construções presentes em um ambiente urbano real.…”

Section: Análise De Risco E Cfdunclassified

Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation as a Tool for Planning Emergencies with Chemical Agents

Barbosa¹,

Pinto²,

Nogueira³

2014

Revista Virtual De Química

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Numerical simulations provided by fluid dynamic studies have been widely used as effective tools to determine the physical behavior of flows in different situations and geometries. The dispersion of hazardous chemicals gases constitutes one of these branches. In this work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), combined with dose-response probit functions, is used as a tool for evaluation of environmental risk analysis. The main objective pursued is the integration among the various fields that are responsible for preparing the preliminary design environment and the protective or corrective measures. Given the importance of the proposed approach, coupled with the realization of major world events in Brazil such as 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics, the fact that the country is not immune to the actions of terrorist groups, the present study shows the importance of the integration proposed for minimization of harmful effects in case of occurrence of undesirable events.Keywords: OPCW; CFD; Multiphase; emergency response; Chemical Weapons. ResumoAs simulações numéricas relacionadas ao estudo da dinâmica dos fluidos são amplamente utilizadas como uma maneira eficaz para determinar o comportamento físico dos escoamentos nas mais diversas situações e geometrias consideradas. A dispersão de gases de produtos químicos perigosos no ambiente é um dos ramos desses estudos. Dentro deste contexto emprega-se neste trabalho, a fluidodinâmica computacional (CFD), aliada às funções de dose-resposta tipo probit, como ferramenta para análise de risco ambiental, com o objetivo de auxiliar a integração entre os diversos ramos responsáveis pela elaboração prévia do projeto do ambiente e das medidas protetivas ou corretivas em casos de estudos de situações de emergência. Considerando a importância da abordagem proposta e a inserção do Brasil nos quadros de realização de grandes eventos mundiais, como a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e a Olimpíada de 2016, em que o País não estará imune à ações eventuais de grupos terroristas, mostra-se a importância da integração proposta para minimização dos efeitos danosos sobre as pessoas no caso da ocorrência de eventos indesejados.Palavras-chave: CFD multifásico; resposta a emergências; armas químicas.

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“…It is suggested that sophisticated models could be used to predict the flow and vaporization of LNG by numerical integration of the shallow water equations. Pontiggia et al (2010) have assessed the consequences of hazardous gas releases in urban areas through CFD simulations. Once again, CFD has demonstrated its versatility to represent realistically such complex geometries in detailed simulation models leading to three-dimensional flow fields that strongly influence gas dispersion.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Flow Modelling of Multiphase Reacting Flow in Trickle-bed Reactors with Applications to the Catalytic Abatement of Liquid Pollutants

Lopes¹,

Quinta‐Ferreira²

2011

Computational Fluid Dynamics Technologies and Applications

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Hazardous gas releases in urban areas: Assessment of consequences through CFD modelling

Cited by 122 publications

References 19 publications

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion on a high-resolution grid: A case study by LES and RANS for a building group in downtown Montreal

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion on a high-resolution grid: A case study by LES and RANS for a building group in downtown Montreal

Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation as a Tool for Planning Emergencies with Chemical Agents

Computational Flow Modelling of Multiphase Reacting Flow in Trickle-bed Reactors with Applications to the Catalytic Abatement of Liquid Pollutants

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