Hazard Assessment of Abraded Thermoplastic Composites Reinforced with Reduced Graphene Oxide

Chortarea, Savvina; Kuru, Ogul Can; Netkueakul, Woranan; Pelin, Marco; Keshavan, Sandeep; Zhang, Song; Ma, Baojin; Gómes, Julio; Ábalos, Elvira Villaro; Luna, Luis Augusto Visani de; Loret, Thomas; Fordham, Alexander; Drummond, Matthew; Kontis, Nikolaos; Anagnostopoulos, George; Paterakis, George; Cataldi, Pietro; Tubaro, Aurelia; Galiotis, Costas; Kinloch, Ian A.; Fadeel, Bengt; Bussy, Cyrill; Kostarelos, Kostas; Buerki-Thurnherr, Tina; Prato, Maurizio; Bianco, Alberto; Wick, Peter

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4036162

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(169 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, due to their size and shape, two dimensional GO sheets can easily form aerosols [22][23][24][25]. For this reason and considering the toxicological profile of others CNMs, in particular the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of some CNTs, efforts have been made to evaluate the impact of GO or rGO to the lungs after inhalation [7,[26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung recovery from DNA damage induced by graphene oxide is dependent on size, dose and inflammation profile

et al. 2022

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Background A key aspect of any new material safety assessment is the evaluation of their in vivo genotoxicity. Graphene oxide (GO) has been studied for many promising applications, but there are remaining concerns about its safety profile, especially after inhalation. Herein we tested whether GO lateral dimension, comparing micrometric (LGO) and nanometric (USGO) GO sheets, has a role in the formation of DNA double strand breaks in mouse lungs. We used spatial resolution and differential cell type analysis to measure DNA damages in both epithelial and immune cells, after either single or repeated exposure. Results GO induced DNA damages were size and dose dependent, in both exposure scenario. After single exposure to a high dose, both USGO and LGO induced significant DNA damage in the lung parenchyma, but only during the acute phase response (p < 0.05 for USGO; p < 0.01 for LGO). This was followed by a fast lung recovery at day 7 and 28 for both GOs. When evaluating the chronic impact of GO after repeated exposure, only a high dose of LGO induced long-term DNA damages in lung alveolar epithelia (at 84 days, p < 0.05). Regardless of size, low dose GO did not induce any significant DNA damage after repeated exposure. A multiparametric correlation analysis of our repeated exposure data revealed that transient or persistent inflammation and oxidative stress were associated to either recovery or persistent DNA damages. For USGO, recovery from DNA damage was correlated to efficient recovery from acute inflammation (i.e., significant secretion of SAA3, p < 0.001; infiltration of neutrophils, p < 0.01). In contrast, the persistence of LGO in lungs was associated to a long-lasting presence of multinucleated macrophages (up to 84 days, p < 0.05), an underlying inflammation (IL-1α secretion up to 28 days, p < 0.05) and the presence of persistent DNA damages at 84 days. Conclusions Overall these results highlight the importance of the exposure scenario used. We showed that LGO was more genotoxic after repeated exposure than single exposure due to persistent lung inflammation. These findings are important in the context of human health risk assessment and toward establishing recommendations for a safe use of graphene based materials in the workplace.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung recovery from DNA damage induced by graphene oxide is dependent on size, dose and inflammation profile

et al. 2022

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“…The study suggests a trivial impact on human health under severe exposure conditions of graphene derivatives when released from composites. [ 173 ] Similarly, RGO‐ and copper/silver NPs‐coated cotton and silk fabrics showed good biocompatibility when tested against the mammalian cells’ (HEK293). [ 102a ] Estevan et al.…”

Section: Moving Towards New Effective Materials and Technologies For ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Face masks and respirators: Towards sustainable materials and technologies to overcome the shortcomings and challenges

et al. 2022

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The unprecedented threat of COVID‐19 and the likelihood of other emerging infectious diseases have accentuated the need for sustainable and effective masks and respirators (MAR). MAR assists in minimizing the risk of infection and controlling the spread of pathogens. However, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, there was a worldwide scarcity of MAR due to unprecedented global demand. There are also notable limitations in commonly used MAR, such as low filtration efficiency, poor fit, non‐reusability, physiological impact, lack of biocompatibility and non‐biodegradability, and inability to kill pathogens. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for a comprehensive study focusing on potential materials and new technologies for MAR. Here we outline a comprehensive overview of the limitations of conventional MAR followed by required potential solutions (such as using nanofibers/graphene base filters/metal‐organic framework as filter media, laser scanning and 3D printing for fit and seal, applying antimicrobial nanomaterials coating on filter media, using reusable and biodegradable materials, developing high‐performing cloth masks, improving hydrophobicity, etc.). The information on potential materials and new technologies of MAR and research evidence outlined here can inform further research and development of high‐performing and sustainable respiratory protection technologies to improve the health and safety of the first responders and the community.

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Hazard Assessment of Abraded Thermoplastic Composites Reinforced with Reduced Graphene Oxide

Cited by 2 publications

References 120 publications

Lung recovery from DNA damage induced by graphene oxide is dependent on size, dose and inflammation profile

Lung recovery from DNA damage induced by graphene oxide is dependent on size, dose and inflammation profile

Face masks and respirators: Towards sustainable materials and technologies to overcome the shortcomings and challenges

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