Hate Speech and the Internet

Demaske, Chris

doi:10.4324/9781003046851-8

Cited by 2 publications

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“…On a conceptual level, hate speech in contemporary discourse could be described as a kind of speech act that contextually elicits certain detrimental social effects that are typically focused upon subordinated groups in a status hierarchy (Demaske, 2021, pp. 10–14; United Nations, 2019, p. 2).…”

Section: Tendencies Of Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Definition of Hate Speech—With a Focus on Online Contexts

Hietanen

Eddebo

2022

Journal of Communication Inquiry

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As legislators and platforms tackle the challenge of suppressing hate speech online, questions about its definition remain unresolved. In this review we discuss three issues: What are the main challenges encountered when defining hate speech? What alternatives are there for the definition of hate speech? What is the relationship between the nature and scope of the definition and its operationability? By tracing both efforts to regulate and to define hate speech in legal, paralegal, and tech platform contexts, we arrive at four possible modes of definition: teleological, pure consequentialist, formal, and consensus or relativist definitions. We suggest the need for a definition where hate speech encompasses those speech acts that tend towards certain ethically proscribed ends, which are destructive in terms of their consequences, and express certain ideas that are transgressions of specific ethical norms.

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Section: Tendencies Of Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Definition of Hate Speech—With a Focus on Online Contexts

Hietanen

Eddebo

2022

Journal of Communication Inquiry

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“…Clearly, the US face the most important struggle with this issue. However, even in countries such as Germany or Japan, where the reluctance of making offensive or even potentially violence‐inciting statements was rather high in 2015, the problem of hate speech increased in the past few years (Delcker, 2020; Higaki & Nasu, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hate speech on social media against German mayors: Extent of the phenomenon, reactions, and implications

Bauschke

Jäckle

2023

Policy & Internet

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Drawing on an online survey of mayors from the German federal state of Baden‐Wuerttemberg this article analyses (1) to what extent social media is used abusively at the municipal level, (2) how mayors react to hate speech and (3) whether the experience of such insulting comments and threats is correlated with their perception of social media as a tool for political communication. The analysis shows that hateful comments are part of the social media experience on the local level. 53.9% of the mayors have at least once experienced personal insults and hostilities on social media in their role as politicians. The majority of them (56.7%) ignored the hate speech without reaction. Significantly fewer reacted more actively: 29.8% responded to the insulting message, 5.4% blocked the hater, and 8.2% filed a judicial complaint. The statistical analysis shows that mayors who use social media in a more professional way are more likely to react to hate speech in such an active manner. Moreover, the experience of hate speech and particularly an active type of reacting are found to be positively related to mayors' perceptions of how useful they consider social media to be for political communication.

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Hate Speech and the Internet

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Towards a Definition of Hate Speech—With a Focus on Online Contexts

Towards a Definition of Hate Speech—With a Focus on Online Contexts

Hate speech on social media against German mayors: Extent of the phenomenon, reactions, and implications

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