Harvesting machine for kelp culture in floating raft

Zhang, Yang; Chang, Zongyu; Zheng, Zhongqiang; Yang, Jianming

doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2017.07.005

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, the harvest practices currently utilized by growers in emerging farming regions will pose a bottleneck, both from a cost and emissions standpoint, as farms expand into larger offshore sites. Identifying methods to automate these steps should be an immediate priority (Zhang et al, 2017). Improved cultivation systems, spray-on seeding of adult sporophytes at sea (Kerrison et al, 2018), and innovative harvest practices designed specifically to transport kelp biomass long distances may drive labor cost reductions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying baseline costs and cataloging potential optimization strategies for kelp aquaculture carbon dioxide removal

Coleman

Dewhurst²,

Fredriksson

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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To keep global surface warming below 1.5°C by 2100, the portfolio of cost-effective CDR technologies must expand. To evaluate the potential of macroalgae CDR, we developed a kelp aquaculture bio-techno-economic model in which large quantities of kelp would be farmed at an offshore site, transported to a deep water “sink site”, and then deposited below the sequestration horizon (1,000 m). We estimated the costs and associated emissions of nursery production, permitting, farm construction, ocean cultivation, biomass transport, and Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) for a 1,000 acre (405 ha) “baseline” project located in the Gulf of Maine, USA. The baseline kelp CDR model applies current systems of kelp cultivation to deep water (100 m) exposed sites using best available modeling methods. We calculated the levelized unit costs of CO2eq sequestration (LCOC; $ tCO2eq-1). Under baseline assumptions, LCOC was $17,048 tCO2eq-1. Despite annually sequestering 628 tCO2eq within kelp biomass at the sink site, the project was only able to net 244 C credits (tCO2eq) each year, a true sequestration “additionality” rate (AR) of 39% (i.e., the ratio of net C credits produced to gross C sequestered within kelp biomass). As a result of optimizing 18 key parameters for which we identified a range within the literature, LCOC fell to $1,257 tCO2eq-1 and AR increased to 91%, demonstrating that substantial cost reductions could be achieved through process improvement and decarbonization of production supply chains. Kelp CDR may be limited by high production costs and energy intensive operations, as well as MRV uncertainty. To resolve these challenges, R&D must (1) de-risk farm designs that maximize lease space, (2) automate the seeding and harvest processes, (3) leverage selective breeding to increase yields, (4) assess the cost-benefit of gametophyte nursery culture as both a platform for selective breeding and driver of operating cost reductions, (5) decarbonize equipment supply chains, energy usage, and ocean cultivation by sourcing electricity from renewables and employing low GHG impact materials with long lifespans, and (6) develop low-cost and accurate MRV techniques for ocean-based CDR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying baseline costs and cataloging potential optimization strategies for kelp aquaculture carbon dioxide removal

Coleman

Dewhurst²,

Fredriksson

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the tests were completed per day, hours of work and work efficiency were calculated. Owing to the different number of people used in bottom-sown, this paper provides a computational formula for efficiency calculation methods, efficiency calculation that matches it can be calculated according to equation ( 1) [8]:…”

Section: Test Materials and Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sowing Machine for Scallop Seedling in Bottom-culture

Chen

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The scallop is among the most important shellfish resource and is a proven candidate for aquaculture in many countries. In China, the scallop is generally bottom culture and artificial seeding. Artificial seeding on scallops is a difficult process with low production efficiency, high labor intensity, excessive cost low profit, and high rate of mortality and damage. In this paper, a sowing machine is developed for the bottom-sowing culture of the scallop. It consists of a transmission module, sows slide module, and buoyancy module. The structure and working mechanism of this machine are presented and analyzed in detail. The tests of experiments were conducted as well with the development machine. Through the simulation analysis of flow field of bottom-sown machine. The results show that the vortex area below the platform makes the scallop seedlings seedlings spread more evenly. In addition, the boat-shaped fairing at the head of the platform effectively reduces the water flow rate inside the platform, allowing the scallop seedlings to successfully leave the platform through the grille at the bottom of the platform after sowing. The control group efficiency is 26.67%; however, the optimized group efficiency average value is 57.97%. The cost of bottom sowing 1t scallop seedling was reduced from 1260 RMB to 124.4 RMB. It is proven that the design of the machine is feasible.

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“…An overview of part of the Chinese seaweed industry was given by Su et al (2017), who presented large-scale hatchery production of the seaweed Saccharina japonica in China, "including pretreatment of parental plants, control of spore release, and control and adjustment of solar irradiance and temperature at different developmental stages of the plants as well as the nutrient supply regime over the entire course." Zhang et al (2017) is another Chinese paper which described a development of a mechanized harvesting machine, designed for the traditional floating raft seaweed farms.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automation Concepts for Industrial-Scale Production of Seaweed

et al. 2021

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In order to industrialize macroalgal cultivation in Norway, new automated methods and solutions for seeding, deployment and harvesting need to be developed. Today's solutions are time and resource demanding, still yielding volumes nationally in the range of 100–200 tons per year in total (not including wild harvest), while the potential is in the megaton range. Standardization of equipment and automation can be one way to upscale production. Here we present results from a design study of a module-based solution for industrial cultivation, with specific solutions for spinning of thin seedling strings onto longlines, and a robotic module for interaction with the submerged farm at deployment and harvest. A reduced-scale physical prototype of the farm concept with the robot has been built for testing of deployment and harvesting techniques. The concept has been named SPOKe: Standardized Production of Kelp.

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Harvesting machine for kelp culture in floating raft

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Quantifying baseline costs and cataloging potential optimization strategies for kelp aquaculture carbon dioxide removal

Quantifying baseline costs and cataloging potential optimization strategies for kelp aquaculture carbon dioxide removal

Sowing Machine for Scallop Seedling in Bottom-culture

Automation Concepts for Industrial-Scale Production of Seaweed

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