Harvest date, post-harvest vernalization and regrowth temperature affect flower bud induction in Russian dandelion (<i>Taraxacum kok-saghyz</i>)

Hodgson‐Kratky, Katrina; DemersMichelle, N K; StoffynOlivier, M; WolynDavid, J

doi:10.4141/cjps-2015-020

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, additional agronomic studies are needed for TK to become a commercial crop [ 30 ], particularly intensive breeding using mass selection and crossing [ 6 ]. The understanding of flower induction and floral development is fundamental to improve success in crossing and seed production and to further improve the TK germplasm [ 31 ]. Additionally, the flowering habit is related to rubber yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflorescence Development and Floral Organogenesis in Taraxacum kok-saghyz

Schuchovski

Meulia

Sant’Anna-Santos

et al. 2020

Plants

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Rubber dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin; TK) has received attention for its natural rubber content as a strategic biomaterial, and a promising, sustainable, and renewable alternative to synthetic rubber from fossil carbon sources. Extensive research on the domestication and rubber content of TK has demonstrated TK’s potential in industrial applications as a relevant natural rubber and latex-producing alternative crop. However, many aspects of its biology have been neglected in published studies. For example, floral development is still poorly characterized. TK inflorescences were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Nine stages of early inflorescence development are proposed, and floral micromorphology is detailed. Individual flower primordia development starts at the periphery and proceeds centripetally in the newly-formed inflorescence meristem. Floral organogenesis begins in the outermost flowers of the capitulum, with corolla ring and androecium formation. Following, pappus primordium—forming a ring around the base of the corolla tube—and gynoecium are observed. The transition from vegetative to inflorescence meristem was observed 21 days after germination. This description of inflorescence and flower development in TK sheds light on the complex process of flowering, pollination, and reproduction. This study will be useful for genetics, breeding, systematics, and development of agronomical practices for this new rubber-producing crop.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher rubber yields were observed in winter-type plants, i.e., plants that grow vegetatively and need a cold/vernalization period before flowering, compared to spring-type (early-flowering) plants. Therefore, studies of the flowering process will be useful for breeding rubber-enriched germplasm [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflorescence Development and Floral Organogenesis in Taraxacum kok-saghyz

Schuchovski

Meulia

Sant’Anna-Santos

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…ESTABLISHMENT OF A C 0 POPULATION. One hundred individuals for each of 20 TKS PIs (Hodgson-Kratky et al, 2015) were grown and evaluated for rubber yield in 2011. The best 200 plants were selected, including at least five plants from each PI to maintain genetic diversity.…”

Section: Breeding Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the PIs and C 0 , roots were severed 1-2 cm below the crown, dried at 45°C for 3 d, weighed, and analyzed for rubber percentage. Crowns were processed and stored for vernalization as described previously (Hodgson-Kratky et al, 2015). For the C 1 -C 4 generations, 20 plants per family were stored for vernalization, with equal numbers from each replicate, and the remaining plants were dried for rubber quantification.…”

Section: Breeding Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Selection for Rubber Yield in Russian Dandelion

Hodgson‐Kratky¹,

Stoffyn²,

Wolyn³

2017

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Russian dandelion [Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS)] is a promising alternative to the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) as a source of natural rubber; however, rubber yields must be improved for this undomesticated species to become a profitable new crop. Half-sib family recurrent selection was conducted for four cycles to increase rubber yield, estimated as the product of rubber percentage, and root dry weight per plant. Two distinct populations were developed for adaptation to sand and loam soil types. Rubber percentage increased from 4.17% for the cycle 0 (C0) population to 6.40% for the C4-loam population. Rubber yield also increased from 0.15 to 0.22 g/plant after four selection cycles. Although phenotypic variation was observed, selection had no effect on root weight; all populations averaged 3.70 g/plant. Rubber yield and percentage and root dry weight were not increased after four selection cycles on sandy soils, likely because of poor adaptation and high environmental variation. Year and soil type affected rubber yields; however, rubber percentage was more stable than root dry weight. Overall, russian dandelion can be improved for rubber yield, and further studies with increased error control should be considered to enhance root dry weight.

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“…Wolyn, unpublished data). Winter-type plants, in contrast, grow vegetatively and generally will not flower without a cold period (Hodgson-Kratky et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Flowering Habit in Russian Dandelion

Hodgson‐Kratky

Wolyn

2015

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Russian dandelion [Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS)] is a latex-producing, temperate species that has the potential to be grown as a source of natural rubber in North America. Flowering habit varies within the species; winter-type plants require a cold period or vernalization to flower, whereas spring-type plants flower without this treatment. Because flowering habit is correlated with rubber yield, understanding the genetic factors governing the trait would be useful for breeding. The objective of this research was to determine the inheritance of vernalization requirement in TKS. Winter-type and spring-type plants were intercrossed to create the F1, F2, and backcross generations and progeny segregation ratios were analyzed. A genetic model with three major genes is proposed, where a dominant allele at locus A, in combination with homozygous recessive alleles at either or both of two loci, B and C, confers winter type, whereas spring type is conferred by homozygous recessive alleles at A, regardless of genotype at B or C, or dominant alleles at A, B, and C.

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Harvest date, post-harvest vernalization and regrowth temperature affect flower bud induction in Russian dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz)

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Inflorescence Development and Floral Organogenesis in Taraxacum kok-saghyz

Inflorescence Development and Floral Organogenesis in Taraxacum kok-saghyz

Recurrent Selection for Rubber Yield in Russian Dandelion

Inheritance of Flowering Habit in Russian Dandelion

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