Harsh Justice. Criminal Punishment and the Widening Divide Between America and Europe (Günther Kaiser)

Mechanisms for Eliciting Cooperation in Counterterrorism Policing: Evidence from the United Kingdom

“…This New York City study provides threshold ground for positing that models of public cooperation in the crime control context can be profitably transferred to the counterterrorism context. The U.S. and the European contexts, however, are different in ways that might influence the dynamics of cooperation (Whitman 2003). Criminal justice procedures and institutions are not the same in the two continents, and the relationship between the Muslim population and dominant social institutions is also not the same.…”

A private‐sector, incentives‐based model for justice reinvestment

“…Second, the out-of-scale imprisonment levels in the United States have become acknowledged more widely as an important way in which our crime policies are out of sync with those of many other democracies. This fact, combined with dropping crime, has made it easier to portray the U.S. prison system as unnecessarily large (see Austin et al, 2007;Whitman, 2003).…”

Penality and the Penal State

“…directs attention away from variations in the institutional framework through which these forces are mediated in different countries." See also Whitman (2003) and Nelken (2010b). For earlier work that focuses on state processes, see Savelsberg (1994Savelsberg ( , 1999, Barker (2009), Gottschalk (2006), Novak (2008), McLennan (2001McLennan ( , 2008, Wacquant (2009b), and Young (1986).…”