Harnessing the Volume Expansion of MoS₃ Anode by Structure Engineering to Achieve High Performance Beyond Lithium‐Based Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

Beyond‐lithium‐ion storage devices are promising alternatives to lithium‐ion storage devices for low‐cost and large‐scale applications. Nowadays, the most of high‐capacity electrodes are crystal materials. However, these crystal materials with intrinsic anisotropy feature generally suffer from lattice strain and structure pulverization during the electrochemical process. Herein, a 2D heterostructure of amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoS3) on reduced graphene surface (denoted as MoS3‐on‐rGO), which exhibits low strain and fast reaction kinetics for beyond‐lithium‐ions (Na+, K+, Zn2+) storage is demonstrated. Benefiting from the low volume expansion and small sodiation strain of the MoS3‐on‐rGO, it displays ultralong cycling performance of 40 000 cycles at 10 A g−1 for sodium‐ion batteries. Furthermore, the as‐constructed 2D heterostructure also delivers superior electrochemical performance when used in Na+ full batteries, solid‐state sodium batteries, K+ batteries, Zn2+ batteries and hybrid supercapacitors, demonstrating its excellent application prospect.

Dual‐Redox Sites Guarantee High‐Capacity Sodium Storage in Two‐Dimension Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…Recently, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have captured widespread attention due to the rich sodium resources in nature, environmental friendliness, low cost, and electrochemical properties similar to lithium. [6,[9][10][11] In particular, the Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited of China unit of the ligand as single active center continuously store cations and anions via three-electron reactions. Additionally, Xia et al reported a conductive Cu-MOF nanowire hybrid structure based on arrays arranged on a self-supporting polypyrrole film, which exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical flexibility as an all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor electrode in a wide temperature range.…”

“…[1][2][3][4] However, not only the cost of commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) increases due to the shortage of lithium resources, but also the performance of existing commercial LIBs has approached its limit. [5][6][7][8] Consequently, it is imminent to find alternative rechargeable batteries based on naturally abundant resources. Recently, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have captured widespread attention due to the rich sodium resources in nature, environmental friendliness, low cost, and electrochemical properties similar to lithium.…”

Manipulation on Two-Dimensional Amorphous Nanomaterials for Enhanced Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

“…The contact angle tests (Figure 4g,h) showed that the amorphous MoS 3 -on-rGO electrode was endowed with a superior wetting property to the carbonate electrolyte owning to higher surface free energy of amorphous MoS 3 and unique 3D interconnected porous structure, contributing to an optimized ion diffusion kinetics during the electrochemical process. When applied as the anode for KIBs, it exhibits high specific capacity (541 mAh g −1 at a current density of 0.2 A g −1 ) and excellent long-term cycling stability, which is significantly superior to the corresponding crystal sample (Figure 4i,j) [53]. Ji et al took full advantage of element interaction to obtain phosphorus-doped amorphous carbon nanosheet (P-CNS) through thermal treatment, which achieved high performance as anode material for SIB.…”

Laser-Derived Interfacial Confinement Enables Planar Growth of 2D SnS2 on Graphene for High-Flux Electron/Ion Bridging in Sodium Storage

“…As depicted in Fig. 1 a, the seed crystals nucleated on the surface of carbon matrix usually undergo anisotropic growth, due to the large surface energy differences between diverse crystal planes [ 28 – 30 ]. Consequently, crystal nuclei of 2D materials favor to grow along the (100) and (010) planes with higher surface energy [ 31 , 32 ], forming nanostructures of 2D nanosheets standing on carbon matrix, i.e., heterostructures with line-to-face contact.…”

“…On the contrary, by interfacial confining the anisotropic growth of the crystal nuclei via making the nuclei amorphous, as depicted in Fig. 1 b, the nuclei anchored on the matrix have the tendency of growing along the (001) plane with low surface energy, owing to isotropic growth behavior of the nucleates [ 28 , 33 ]. Such inhibition of the anisotropic growth would thus allow for transfer of the line-to-face growth of 2D nanosheets, to the face-to-face covering of 2D nanosheets on graphene.…”