Harnessing the power of neuroplasticity for intervention

Kolb, Bryan; Muhammad, Arif

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00377

Cited by 53 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…Fourth, it remains unclear whether the SMART program in individuals with chronic TBI led to recovery or compensation of altered neural circuitry that resulted from TBIs. Although improvement in neuropsychological tests performance is observed, “true” recovery of neural circuitry of injured brain following training may be unlikely (Kolb & Muhammad, 2014). Future comparisons with healthy individuals may address this question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy‐based reasoning training modulates cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

et al. 2017

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IntroductionPrior studies have demonstrated training‐induced changes in the healthy adult brain. Yet, it remains unclear how the injured brain responds to cognitive training months‐to‐years after injury.MethodsSixty individuals with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) were randomized into either strategy‐based (N = 31) or knowledge‐based (N = 29) training for 8 weeks. We measured cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) before training, immediately posttraining, and 3 months posttraining.ResultsRelative to the knowledge‐based training group, the cortical thickness of the strategy‐based training group showed diverse temporal patterns of changes over multiple brain regions (p vertex < .05, p cluster < .05): (1) increases followed by decreases, (2) monotonic increases, and (3) monotonic decreases. However, network‐based statistics (NBS) analysis of rsFC among these regions revealed that the strategy‐based training group induced only monotonic increases in connectivity, relative to the knowledge‐based training group (|Z| > 1.96, pNBS < 0.05). Complementing the rsFC results, the strategy‐based training group yielded monotonic improvement in scores for the trail‐making test (p < .05). Analyses of brain–behavior relationships revealed that improvement in trail‐making scores were associated with training‐induced changes in cortical thickness (p vertex < .05, p cluster < .05) and rsFC (p vertex < .05, p cluster < .005) within the strategy‐based training group.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that training‐induced brain plasticity continues through chronic phases of TBI and that brain connectivity and cortical thickness may serve as markers of plasticity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy‐based reasoning training modulates cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

et al. 2017

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“…Variation in results might also be due to a balance between a drug’s neurotropic and neurotoxic effects. It is intriguing, for example, that treatment with amphetamine has been associated with enhanced neuroplasticity when administered to brain-injured animals in combination with physical therapy (Kolb and Muhammad, 2014). Some of the variation in results is due to method variance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improved neural health of damaged structures must rely on neuroplasticity. Animal research provides evidence that behavioral, environmental, pharmacological, and cell-based therapies are correlated with some functional improvement following brain injury (Kolb and Muhammad, 2014). For example, animal studies have shown that exercise may have positive effects on brain structure by increasing neurotrophic factors and elevating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (Svensson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Treatment Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural imaging for addiction medicine

Brown

Jacobus

McKenna

2016

Progress in Brain Research

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Quantitative morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging have provided new insights into structural brain changes associated with drugs of abuse. In this chapter, we review recent studies using these methods to investigate structural brain abnormalities associated with excessive use of marijuana, stimulants, and opiates. Although many brain regions have been associated with structural abnormalities following abuse of these drugs, brain systems underlying inhibition, mood regulation, and reward are particularly involved. Candidate pathological mechanisms underlying these structural abnormalities include the direct toxic effects of the drugs, neuroinflammation, ischemia, hemorrhage, and abnormal brain development. Returning damaged brain areas to neural health would involve enhancing neuroplasticity. Behavioral, environmental, pharmacological, and cell-based therapies have been correlated with enhanced neuroplasticity following brain injury, providing a basis for new treatments of brain changes associated with excessive drug use. When testing new treatments, structural imaging may prove useful in selecting patients, monitoring recovery, and perhaps, tailoring interventions.

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“…This proposal was highly prescient and was confirmed by imaging and electrophysiological studies almost a century later. [10][11][12] Neuroplasticity involves functional adaptations that occur at various different levels in MS. [13][14][15][16][17] At the cellular level, changes include axonal sprouting (increased arborisation of neurones), changes of synaptic stability and reorganisation of synapses. At the tissue level, there is resorption of oedema and rearrangement of Na-channels on axons beyond the nodes of Ranvier.…”

Section: The Importance Of Neuroplasticity In Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurorehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis – Resilience in Practice

Kesselring¹

2017

European Neurological Review

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In recent years, enormous strides have been made in increasing the range and efficacy of disease-modifying drugs available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) in its early and remitting stages, and more continue to emerge. Another equally important concept of successful treatment of MS is neurorehabilitation, which must be pursued alongside these medications. Key factors that contribute to the impact of neurorehabilitation include resilience and neuroplasticity. In the former, components such as nutrition, self-belief and physical activity provide a stronger response to the disease and improved responses to treatment. Neuroplasticity is the capacity of the brain to establish new neuronal networks after lesion damage has occurred and distant brain regions assume control of lost functions. In MS, it is vital that each patient is treated by a coordinated multidisciplinary team. This enables all aspects of the disease including problems with mobility, gait, bladder/bowel disturbances, fatigue and depression to be effectively treated. It is also important that the treating team adopts current best practice and provides internationally agreed standards of care. A further vital aspect of MS management is patient engagement, in which individuals are fully involved and are encouraged to strive and put effort into meeting treatment goals. In this approach, healthcare providers become motivators and patients need less intervention and consume fewer resources. Numerous interventions that promote neurorehabilitation are available, though evidence to support their use is limited by a lack of data from large randomised controlled trials. Combining interventions that promote neurorehabilitation with newer, more effective treatments creates a promising potential to substantially improve the outlook for patients at all stages of MS.

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Harnessing the power of neuroplasticity for intervention

Cited by 53 publications

References 106 publications

Strategy‐based reasoning training modulates cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

Strategy‐based reasoning training modulates cortical thickness and resting‐state functional connectivity in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury

Structural imaging for addiction medicine

Neurorehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis – Resilience in Practice

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