Harnessing near-infrared lightviaS0to T1sensitizer excitation in a molecular photon upconversion solar cell

Beery, Drake; Arcidiacono, Ashley; Wheeler, J.; Chen, Jiaqi; Hanson, Kenneth

doi:10.1039/d1tc05270e

Cited by 12 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This approach has two advantages: this bypasses the problem of limited triplet exciton diffusion, and direct electron injection bypasses UC emission-solar cell reabsorption losses . Important demonstrations using TTA-UC have been reported for dye-sensitized solar cells using solution-based electrolytes. − Still, moving toward solid-state device architectures is highly advantageous for scalability and durability. This is recently exemplified by the boon in perovskite solar cell research and commercialization which originated from the dye-sensitized solar cell community, − with the transition to a fully solid-state device architecture serving as a key enabling technological innovation. , Recently, the Rand group engineered a solid-state “intermediate band solar cell”, whereupon PtTPTBP sensitized the annihilator (α-sexithiophene) with triplets.…”

Section: Solid-state Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoengineering Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion: From Materials to Real-World Applications

et al. 2023

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Using light to control matter has captured the imagination of scientists for generations, as there is an abundance of photons at our disposal. Yet delivering photons beyond the surface to many photoresponsive systems has proven challenging, particularly at scale, due to light attenuation via absorption and scattering losses. Triplet−triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC), a process which allows for low energy photons to be converted to high energy photons, is poised to overcome these challenges by allowing for precise spatial generation of high energy photons due to its nonlinear nature. With a wide range of sensitizer and annihilator motifs available for TTA-UC, many researchers seek to integrate these materials in solution or solid-state applications. In this Review, we discuss nanoengineering deployment strategies and highlight their uses in recent state-of-the-art examples of TTA-UC integrated in both solution and solid-state applications. Considering both implementation tactics and application-specific requirements, we identify critical needs to push TTA-UC-based applications from an academic curiosity to a scalable technology.

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Section: Solid-state Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoengineering Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion: From Materials to Real-World Applications

et al. 2023

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“…In 2022, Beery et al reported a TET rate between the sensitizer and the acceptor to be around 4−5 × 10 8 s −1 , where a lower redox mediator concentration, compared to what we used herein, was used. 91 This explains the significant quenching of the PtTBTPP phosphorescence in the case of using the Co 2+/3+ and I − /I 3 − mediators, compared to when using the TPAA 0/+ mediator, which has a 3 orders of magnitude lower quenching rate. Additionally, after measuring the oxidation and reduction potentials (using the cyclic voltammetry, see Section S1.3 in Supporting Information) of the dyes and redox mediators employed in this study, and as shown in Figure 6, the driving force of the electron transfer between the three mediators and the PtTBTPP sensitizer was then calculated.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Study of Redox Mediator Types and Their Quenching Effects on the Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Photon Upconversion Process

Hamzawy,

Wagner,

Mori

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Photon upconversion based on sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation has garnered a great deal of attention for various applications, such as solar photon harvesting, photochemistry, and biological imaging. Its implementation, however, remains limited in part due to the presence of undesirable excited-state quenching by redox-active species. Herein, this process and its constituent steps are studied in the presence of three classes of redox mediators, which specifically are as follows: iodide-triiodide (I–/I3 –), cobalt(II/III) [Co(II/III)], tris-bipyridine [Co(bpy)3 2+/3+], and tris(p-anisyl) amine (TPAA0/+). Both the mediators’ classes and concentrations were shown to have a significant effect on the quenching of upconverted emission, which is seen to result largely from the quenching of the sensitizer triplet excited state. Our findings revealed that the small organic and heavy element-free redox mediator, TPAA0/+, showed the lowest quenching rate constant (3.73 × 105 M–1 s–1) of the sensitizer triplet states, which is 2 and 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of I–/I3 – and Co(bpy)3 2+/3+, respectively. We also found that the quenching of the sensitizer triplet states is attributed to the charge and energy transfer as well as paramagnetic quenching based on tests in the presence of just the Co(II) species. The findings reported herein represent an important step toward minimizing the TTA-UC quenching by minimizing the quenching effects using organic and heavy element-free redox mediators. This makes it promising for future applications such as the intermediate band dye-sensitized solar cell architecture, which is a promising approach to effectively utilize low-energy photons.

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“…The TiO 2 -PBPEA-Zn-Os bilayered DSSC with I 3 -/3Ias redox mediator showed ∆𝐽 sc ~ 3.5 µA cm -2 under AM 1.5 solar excitation. 110 The low ∆𝐽 sc despite broad absorption range was attributed to slow Please do not adjust margins Please do not adjust margins sensitizer to annihilator triplet energy transfer, a low injection yield for the annihilator, and fast back energy transfer from the upconverted state to the sensitizer. 110 To avoid the sensitizer's aggregation on the annihilator-TiO 2 film Nagata's research group co-adsorbed the sensitizer (PtTPO) on TiO 2 with a long alkyl chain spacer (Fig.…”

Section: Materials Chemistry Frontiers Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triplet–triplet annihilation mediated photon upconversion solar energy systems

Naimovičius

Bharmoria

Moth‐Poulsen

2023

Mater. Chem. Front.

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Harnessing near-infrared lightviaS₀to T₁sensitizer excitation in a molecular photon upconversion solar cell

Abstract: Integrating molecular photon upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA-UC) driectly into a solar cell offers a means of harnessing sub-bandgap, near infrared (NIR) photons and surpassing the Shockley-Quessier limit. However, all...

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Nanoengineering Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion: From Materials to Real-World Applications

Nanoengineering Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion: From Materials to Real-World Applications

A Study of Redox Mediator Types and Their Quenching Effects on the Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Photon Upconversion Process

Triplet–triplet annihilation mediated photon upconversion solar energy systems

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