Harnessing light to create functional, three-dimensional polymeric materials: multitasking initiation systems as the critical key to success

Anisotropic solid-state PLA foaming templated by crystal phase pre-oriented with 3D printing: cell supporting structures with directional capillary transfer function

“…For instance, the limit for material extrusion 3D printing, which deposits a molten thermoplastic material through a nozzle, is imposed mainly by the nozzle size which typically ranges between 0.1 and 1.0 mm. Other standard techniques, such as vat photopolymerization, which employs selective light-curing of photopolymerizable resins in a vat, 6 or material jetting, which deposits small droplets of photopolymerizable resins, offer better resolution than material extrusion. Yet, their a Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, resolution limit of around 10 mm is insufficient for recreating the delicate structure of bone canaliculi, and, moreover, they may sometimes struggle with biocompatibility issues due to the unreacted species and residual free radicals.…”

meta-Terphenyls as versatile fluorescent molecular sensors for monitoring the progress of hybrid polymerization processes

“…19,20 Moreover, the photopolymerization processes have been used in 3D printing technology and microelectronics for encapsulation of integrated circuits. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] For a photopolymerization process to be efficient and the polymeric product having desired properties, it is necessary to control the photopolymerization course, preferably on-line (i.e., directly during the reaction) or the process parameters need to be optimized. For this purpose, various techniques for monitoring the progress of the photopolymerization processes, such as Real Time Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (RT-FTIR), Photo-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Photo-DSC) and the Fluorescence Probe Technique (FPT) have been developed.…”

“…19,20 Moreover, the photopolymerization processes have been used in 3D printing technology and microelectronics for encapsulation of integrated circuits. 21–30…”

Dual-Cure Vapor-Grown Carbon Nanofiber-Supplemented 3D-Printed Resin: Implications for Improved Stiffness and Thermal Resistance

“…Notably, under a situation where the printed objects comply with a sophisticated geometry design, the UV post-curing must not be performed in the shadow area of the printed objects, thus resulting in a stress concentration. 9 It is noteworthy that the efficiency of the UV post-curing is further decreased when the SLR is not transparent due to the addition of colored fillers, for instance, silica particles, 10 graphene, 11,12 or carbon fibers. 13 Hence, by integrating UV irradiation in the printing process and subsequent thermal treatment, a dual-cure method was proposed recently to overcome the challenges attributed to UV post-curing.…”

“…To overcome this limitation of deprived mechanical properties, an eco-friendly approach of UV-assisted post-curing is generally preferred after the printing process, facilitating an increase in the conversion rate of the unsaturated moieties and subsequent improvement in the mechanical properties. , However, the penetration depth of the UV light is limited as impacted by the absorption of the SLR, thereby causing a failure of UV post-curing in the inner part of the object. Notably, under a situation where the printed objects comply with a sophisticated geometry design, the UV post-curing must not be performed in the shadow area of the printed objects, thus resulting in a stress concentration . It is noteworthy that the efficiency of the UV post-curing is further decreased when the SLR is not transparent due to the addition of colored fillers, for instance, silica particles, graphene, , or carbon fibers .…”