Haptic Feedback in Motor Hand Virtual Therapy Increases Precision and Generates Less Mental Workload

Abstract

Abstract-In this work we show that haptic feedback in upper limb motor therapy improves performance and generates a lower mental workload. To demonstrate this, two groups of participants (healthy adults and elders with hand motor problems) used a low-cost haptic device (Novint Falcon) and a non-robotic device (Leap Motion Controller). Participants conducted the same rehabilitation task by using a non-immersive virtual environment. Results show significant differences for all participants regarding precision on the use of the haptic feedback device. Additionally, participants in the older adult group demonstrated a lower mental workload while using the haptic device (Novint Falcon). Finally, qualitative results show that participants preferred to conduct their therapy exercises by using the haptic device, as they found it more useful, easier to use and easier to learn.

Evaluation Results of an Ontology-based Design Model of Virtual Environments for Upper Limb Motor Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients

“…Finally, from the recommendations of rehabilitation specialists (G1) emerged issues that highlight the safety features that serve to guide and be considered in the design of VEs. These features are focused on eight emerging topics that coincide with some findings of other studies (see for instance [40,41]). For example, the topic adjusting therapy strategies highlights the permanent modification of the therapy program based on the goals achieved and those to be achieved.…”

Review of Three-Dimensional Human-Computer Interaction with Focus on the Leap Motion Controller

“…The questionnaire was used in several studies considered in this review. For example, Ramirez-Fernandez and colleagues [ 66 , 162 ] used NASA-TLX to determine the mental workload of patients while they performed a motor hand therapy either using a low-cost robotic device (Novint Falcon haptic device) or the LMC as a gesture sensor. In a study of Hettig et al [ 54 ] NASA-TLX was employed to assess subjective workload in the comparison of four different interaction methods with radiological image data and volume renderings within a sterile environment.…”

“…In general, the study suggests that natural user interface systems for gesture control of radiological images using commercial sensors are feasible to enable touchless interactions in sterile clinical environments. Ramirez-Fernandez and colleagues [ 66 ] investigated the LMC in the context of a motor rehabilitation task. Two age groups (healthy adults and elders with hand motor problems) used a low-cost haptic device (Novint Falcon) and the LMC.…”

“…The usability of the LMC for stroke rehabilitation was investigated within a 3D virtual environment, created as a 3D game with the Unity engine (Unity Engine, https://unity3d.com (accessed on 9 March 2018)) [ 61 ]. Interactive systems based on the LMC form another promising method for hand rehabilitation, since this approach leads to more fun and commitment [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. This holds particularly in the case of impairments that occur in the early childhood [ 67 ].…”

Sensory Feedback and Interactivity: Enhancing Motivation and Engagement for VR Stroke Rehabilitation

“…In et al [19] examined the effects of visual feedback with a mirror on stroke patients' balance ability. The outcome demonstrates benefits of visual feedback from a mirror for improving balance ability during quiet standing on an unstable surface in patients with stroke.…”