Hapten Design for Anti-addiction Vaccine Development

Collins, Karen; Janda, Kim D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23150-1_18

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…This applies more to the targeting of TCR, however, and as such will be discussed in future sections. Choice of hapten has been shown to have a sizeable impact on the number and binding characteristics of antibodies elicited by conjugate PBVs (117,118). This effect is exemplified in nicotine vaccines by the difference in efficacy observed when only the attachment position to nicotine is changed (119).…”

Section: Chemical Conjugation Of Bcr Epitope To Pbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designs of Antigen Structure and Composition for Improved Protein-Based Vaccine Efficacy

et al. 2020

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Today, vaccinologists have come to understand that the hallmark of any protective immune response is the antigen. However, it is not the whole antigen that dictates the immune response, but rather the various parts comprising the whole that are capable of influencing immunogenicity. Protein-based antigens hold particular importance within this structural approach to understanding immunity because, though different molecules can serve as antigens, only proteins are capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immunity. This fact, coupled with the versatility and customizability of proteins when considering vaccine design applications, makes protein-based vaccines (PBVs) one of today's most promising technologies for artificially inducing immunity. In this review, we follow the development of PBV technologies through time and discuss the antigen-specific receptors that are most critical to any immune response: pattern recognition receptors, B cell receptors, and T cell receptors. Knowledge of these receptors and their ligands has become exceptionally valuable in the field of vaccinology, where today it is possible to make drastic modifications to PBV structure, from primary to quaternary, in order to promote recognition of target epitopes, potentiate vaccine immunogenicity, and prevent antigen-associated complications. Additionally, these modifications have made it possible to control immune responses by modulating stability and targeting PBV to key immune cells. Consequently, careful consideration should be given to protein structure when designing PBVs in the future in order to potentiate PBV efficacy.

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Section: Chemical Conjugation Of Bcr Epitope To Pbvmentioning

confidence: 99%