Happy Now, Tired Later? Extraverted and Conscientious Behavior Are Related to Immediate Mood Gains, but to Later Fatigue

Leikas, Sointu; Ilmarinen, Ville–Juhani

doi:10.1111/jopy.12264

Cited by 50 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Missing ESM reports are a rather common problem in ESM research. Our compliance rate was at the lower end of the range of similar studies (Fleeson, 2001(Fleeson, , 2007Howell et al, 2017;Leikas & Ilmarinen, 2017;McCabe & Fleeson, 2016;Wilt et al, 2012;Wilt et al, 2017). Although one study indicated that missing reports are not be associated with ESM-relevant variables (Sun, Rhemtulla, & Vazire, 2019), the implications of missing reports in ESM research are currently not yet well understood.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Inside the happy personality: Personality states, situation experience, and state affect mediate the relation between personality and affect

Kritzler

Krasko

Luhmann

2020

Journal of Research in Personality

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Personality traits are strongly related to affect, but the mechanisms accounting for this association remain mostly unclear. We test a new theoretical model that proposes that personality states, situation characteristics, and affective states mediate the relation between personality traits and trait affect. Data from an experience sampling study (N=206; 4,381 observations) indicate that personality traits are associated with personality states and experienced situation characteristics, personality states and experienced situation characteristics are associated with state affect, state affect is associated with trait affect, and that these variables indeed mediate the relation between personality traits and trait affect. These results emphasize the importance of daily experiences for trait-level variables and call for further research on the interplay between personality, behavior, situations, and affect.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Inside the happy personality: Personality states, situation experience, and state affect mediate the relation between personality and affect

Kritzler

Krasko

Luhmann

2020

Journal of Research in Personality

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“…In addition, the mean levels of repeated measures should also correlate with independent trait measures of extraversion to further validate the consistency criterion. Findings from repeated measurements of the extraverted behavior of multiple individuals demonstrate that there are indeed robust individual differences in mean levels of extraverted behaviors, but these also tend to be less consistent than behaviors that are relevant for other "Big Five" traits (Catterson, Eldesouky, & John, 2017;Heller, Komar, & Lee, 2007;Leikas & Ilmarinen, 2017;Sun, Stevenson, Kabbani, Richardson, & Smillie, 2017;Wilt, Bleidorn, & Revelle, 2017). Moreover, support for a correlation between individual mean levels of behaviors and independent trait measures is mixed (Heller et al, 2007;Leikas & Ilmarinen, 2017), perhaps owing to the smaller sample sizes that are typical in experience sampling research.…”

Section: Consistency Over Time and Situationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The literature has offered less evidence that extraverts attain and maintain higher popularity because they enjoy being sociable. For example, studies have demonstrated that no differences exist between extraverts' and introverts' enjoyment of typically extraverted behaviors (Fleeson, Malanos, & Achille, 2002;Leikas & Ilmarinen, 2017;Wilt, Noftle, Fleeson, & Spain, 2012). Moreover, social activity may be a generally more peripheral constituent of extraversion, especially compared to reward sensitivity (Lucas et al, 2000) or social attention (Ashton et al, 2002).…”

Section: Does Extraversion Predict Popularity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

When and why is “extraversion” associated with social popularity?

Ilmarinen¹

2018

Preprint

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Examinations of the relationship between individuals’ personal characteristics and the social positions that individuals receive in everyday peer networks have often found an association between extraversion and popularity. This thesis assesses the conditions (when) and mechanisms (why) of this association.Four research questions focus on when the link between extraversion and popularity is present. The study examines whether extraversion is already associated with popularity among seven- to eight-year-olds (Study I), if extraversion is associated with popularity in a less talkative and more stereotypically introverted culture as well (i.e. in Finland; Studies I and II), whether the association is more reflective of the popularity of extraverts or the unpopularity of introverts (Studies II and III), and if the size of the surrounding social ecology is an important precondition of this association (Study III). In addition, the study considers two why research questions. Studies II and III examine if dyadic combinations of extraversion could serve as popularity particles that would explain why extraverts are ultimately more popular in the group, whereas Study I evaluates the mediating role of oral fluency between extraversion and popularity among children.The association between extraversion and popularity is found to be highly generalizable, as it is present among young and adult Finns as well as in social networks of varying sizes. In addition, the association is linear and unilateral: introverts are unpopular as much as extraverts are popular, and dyadic combinations of extraversion are not significant in explaining this phenomenon. Finally, the higher oral fluency of extraverts partially explains their popularity in middle childhood.The discussion focuses on the causality of this association and engages with the ontological status of trait extraversion throughout the thesis. The research also highlights the role of popularity and social networks in accounting for the coalescence of extraversion.

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“…In the rest of this paper, we will consider other ways of operationalizing these metrics to answer different types of questions raised in the larger within- However, we are not always interested in simple fluctuations or oscillations of a single variable. Often, we are interested in approximating how something measured at one point influences something that happens later, such as current Extraversion and Conscientiousness predicting both future boosts in positive affect as well as fatigue (Leikas & Ilmarinen, 2017). In such cases, one can investigate cross-lagged autoregressive effects, in which one lagged variable (X1,t-1) is regressed on another variable (X2,t), which tests whether a previous personality state predicts a second state at the present moment.…”

Section: Within-person Variability 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

Within-Person Variability

Beck¹,

Jackson²

2019

Preprint

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From its emergence at the beginning of the 20th century, personality scientists pursued two goals – a nomothetic approach that investigated the structure of individual differences between people in a population and an idiographic approach that explored variation within a person relative to him or herself. In this chapter, we first track the how the history of these two perspectives impacted the study of within-person variability. Next, we review findings and unanswered contemporary questions regarding within-person variability. Finally, we conclude by providing questions for future research, some of which were proposed by early personality theorists but progressed slowly due to a lack of adequate methods. We outline cutting-edge statistical models and idiographic techniques to move the study of within-person variability – and personality science – forward.

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Happy Now, Tired Later? Extraverted and Conscientious Behavior Are Related to Immediate Mood Gains, but to Later Fatigue

Abstract: Extraverted and conscientious behavior predict mental depletion after a 3-hour delay. The results help reconcile previous findings regarding the consequences of state Extraversion and provide novel information about the consequences of state Conscientiousness.

Cited by 50 publications

References 46 publications

Inside the happy personality: Personality states, situation experience, and state affect mediate the relation between personality and affect

Inside the happy personality: Personality states, situation experience, and state affect mediate the relation between personality and affect

When and why is “extraversion” associated with social popularity?

Within-Person Variability

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