“…We analyzed the late phase group further and found no differences between farms that were planning a succession within next five years to those that had no such plans. The result contradicts findings of Gasson and Errington (1993), Mäkinen (2010), Inwood and Sharp (2012) and Wheeler et al (2012), by which farm families with a successor have a pressing incentive to develop their farms. Thus, according to those authors the absence or presence of a successor may have more influence upon business objectives and farm performance than the age of a farmer.…”
Section: Development Planscontrasting
confidence: 74%
“…Dairy farms that had earlier adopted growth-strategy, were also most growth seeking ones in the future. Recent studies of Inwood and Sharp (2012) and Wheeler et al (2012) have similar findings from USA and Australia; those farmers who have successors are more likely to develop their farms and those with no successors are more likely to choose stagnation strategy. However, as Wheeler et al (2012) point out, successions are strongly influenced by farm type and context.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 70%
“…Furthermore, the increasing insecurity caused by price volatility and changes in market prices may be seen as one of the major problems for farms developing their production or planning future succession. Wheeler et al (2012) point out, that successions are strongly influenced by farm type and context. In the future studies, the meaning of production line should be taken into account better than it was possible in this study.…”
Taking over the management and ownership of a farm contributes positively to farm growth but little is known about how farmers succeed after the starting phase. We analysed how farmers that have recently started their farm enterprises are going to develop their farms and how do they differ from more experienced farmers in some key farm management areas. Data were collected by postal survey from farmers of the Salo region in South-Western Finland. Farmers were categorized into three different groups according to a combination of their age and experience. Farmers who were in the early phase of taking over a farm had better education and better networks than their older counterparts. Younger farmers considered their networks to be more important than did their senior colleagues. The early phase farmer group invested significantly more and had more liabilities than the other two groups. Moreover, early phase farmers were the most active at developing their farms. The late phase farmers were the least active, even when they knew they were going to transfer their farm to next generation within the next few years. Farms should be developed continuously in order to improve the viability of whole farming sector.
“…We analyzed the late phase group further and found no differences between farms that were planning a succession within next five years to those that had no such plans. The result contradicts findings of Gasson and Errington (1993), Mäkinen (2010), Inwood and Sharp (2012) and Wheeler et al (2012), by which farm families with a successor have a pressing incentive to develop their farms. Thus, according to those authors the absence or presence of a successor may have more influence upon business objectives and farm performance than the age of a farmer.…”
Section: Development Planscontrasting
confidence: 74%
“…Dairy farms that had earlier adopted growth-strategy, were also most growth seeking ones in the future. Recent studies of Inwood and Sharp (2012) and Wheeler et al (2012) have similar findings from USA and Australia; those farmers who have successors are more likely to develop their farms and those with no successors are more likely to choose stagnation strategy. However, as Wheeler et al (2012) point out, successions are strongly influenced by farm type and context.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 70%
“…Furthermore, the increasing insecurity caused by price volatility and changes in market prices may be seen as one of the major problems for farms developing their production or planning future succession. Wheeler et al (2012) point out, that successions are strongly influenced by farm type and context. In the future studies, the meaning of production line should be taken into account better than it was possible in this study.…”
Taking over the management and ownership of a farm contributes positively to farm growth but little is known about how farmers succeed after the starting phase. We analysed how farmers that have recently started their farm enterprises are going to develop their farms and how do they differ from more experienced farmers in some key farm management areas. Data were collected by postal survey from farmers of the Salo region in South-Western Finland. Farmers were categorized into three different groups according to a combination of their age and experience. Farmers who were in the early phase of taking over a farm had better education and better networks than their older counterparts. Younger farmers considered their networks to be more important than did their senior colleagues. The early phase farmer group invested significantly more and had more liabilities than the other two groups. Moreover, early phase farmers were the most active at developing their farms. The late phase farmers were the least active, even when they knew they were going to transfer their farm to next generation within the next few years. Farms should be developed continuously in order to improve the viability of whole farming sector.
“…Para Wheeler et al (2012), la sucesión de la granja es un proceso complejo que puede tardar muchos años en completarse. En granjas de producción de leche en pequeña escala este proceso se inicia con los niños, quienes aprenden a operar el sistema a partir de la observación de los adultos y de la asignación de pequeñas tareas en la milpa, como puede ser ayudar a sus madres a desyerbar, recolectar hongos, limpiar los utensilios, entre otros.…”
Section: Backard Milpaunclassified
“…For Wheeler et al (2012), succession in the farm is a complex process that can take many years to be completed. In small-scale dairy production, this process begins with the children, who learn to operate the system from observing the adults and from performing small tasks in the milpa that are assigned to them, such as helping their mothers to weed, collect fungi, clean the utensils, among others.…”
ResumenLa participación de las mujeres en actividades agropecuarias en México ha sido invisibilizada puesto que son los hombres quienes toman las decisiones y ostentan el control sobre los medios productivos. Por el contrario, en el ámbito doméstico, la participación masculina no parece tener una contribución significativa ni visible, ya que son las mujeres las responsables de estos espacios. Este proceso de invisibilización de ambos géneros condujo este artículo hacia la exploración de los espacios y las relaciones de género que conforman la estructura social en el modelo (granja) producción de leche en pequeña escala en el Centro de México. Utilizando el método etnográfico fue posible definir al espacio físico como un componente básico de interacción y de relaciones entre lo femenino y lo masculino, y entre lo productivo y no productivo. Así, delimitaron dos espacios físicos de dominancia masculina: el terreno productivo y el establo, y de dos de dominancia femenina: la vivienda y el cuidado de la salud, y la milpa de traspatio. Se identificaron convergencias de ambos géneros en todos los espacios físicos y las actividades asignadas a través de esta estructura de género; aunque invisibles, soportan la reproducción social del modelo.Palabras clave: espacios rurales, ganadería, invisibilidad de géne-ro, roles domésticos.
IntRoduccIónE n la mayor parte del estado de México, las actividades lecheras se desarrollan en esquemas de producción de pequeña escala, con
AbstRActThe participation of women in agricultural and livestock activities in México has been made invisible because it is the men who make decisions and have control over the productive means. On the contrary, in the domestic sphere, the masculine participation does not seem to have a significant or visible contribution, since it is the women who are responsible for these spaces. This process of invisibilization of both genders led this article towards the exploration of the spaces and gender relations that make up the social structure in the small-scale dairy production model (farm) in central México. Using the ethnographic method, it was possible to define the physical space as a basic component for interaction and relationships between the feminine and the masculine, and between the productive and the non-productive. Thus, two physical spaces of masculine dominance were established: productive land and barn, and two of feminine dominance: household and health care, and the backyard milpa. Convergences of both genders were identified in all physical spaces and the activities assigned through this gender structure, although invisible, support the social reproduction of the model.
The contribution of agriculture to society is undeniable, as is its impact on the environment. Irrigators' decisions to follow best management practices or implement a policy change, to accept a technology, or even to exit farming, all affect society. Hence the decision-making behavior of irrigators is of interest to politicians, policymakers, and researchers due to their impact on resource use and social concerns for their welfare. There are numerous studies available regarding the decision-making behavior of irrigators. Most of them concentrate on decisions within a single time frame, single decisions with multiple driving forces, or multiple decisions with a single driving force. We have conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature related to irrigators' decision-making behavior. We used a systematic method to identify relevant publications and used qualitative data analysis (content analysis) to analyze trends and/or patterns across the selected articles. This research provided a typology and an overarching high-level framework of irrigators' decision-making process irrespective of the types of decisions made.The results of the study demonstrate that it is highly beneficial to integrate both qualitative and quantitative methods in a single study to get a complete picture of irrigators' decision-making process. This allows us to ensure that we have captured the relevant drivers of decision-making in highly dynamic and complex environments. Better knowledge of irrigators' decision-making process allows regulators to shape improved agricultural policy and increase acceptance by irrigators of technologies that allow water managers to allocate resources fairly among different stakeholders. This article is categorized under: Human Water > Methods Engineering Water > Planning Water Human Water > Water Governance K E Y W O R D S decision-making framework, irrigators' decision-making behavior, qualitative and quantitative research methods, qualitative content analysis
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