Handgrip strength testing: A review of the literature

Innes, Ev

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1630.1999.00182.x

Cited by 398 publications

(361 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Hofmann (2006) found that hand grip strength and sit and reach flexibility deviated positively and negatively from one age group to another in the general population, but ultimately decreased with (Hoffman, 2006). This finding is in agreement with results reported in a review of hand grip strength where 20 year old and 45 years old subjects were compared (Innes, 1999). In men, the hand grip strength was 51.1 kg in 20 year olds and 49.7 kg in 45 year olds.…”

Section: Test Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

The functional fitness capacity of adults with Down syndrome in South Africa

Terblanche

Boer

2012

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background It is well established that there is a relationship between physical inactivity and increased risk for diseases of lifestyle. Persons with Down syndrome (DS) are especially at risk because of physical and health impairments, as well as perceived and real barriers to participation in exercise. The purpose of the study was to establish the functional fitness capacity and predictors of performance of DS adults. Methods Data were collected at various intellectual disability centres and private homes in seven provinces of South Africa. Three hundred and seventy‐one DS individuals (199 men and 172 women) from 18 to 66 years were tested for balance, flexibility, coordination, muscular strength and endurance, aerobic capacity and functional ability. Data were categorised according to gender and age groups (18–25, 26–35, 36–45, and >45 years). Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the functional task and physical test items. Results Down syndrome men performed significantly better on all but two tests compared with the women (P < 0.05). DS women performed better on the sit‐and‐reach flexibility item and the chair stand test; however, differences were not statistically significant from the men. Significant differences across age groups were observed for nine of the 13 functional fitness tests (P < 0.05). Muscular strength items, especially leg strength, significantly predicted functional performance in DS men and women. Aerobic capacity only predicted functional performance in DS men and sit‐and‐reach flexibility and dynamic balance only in DS women. Conclusions Findings of this study provide important information on the functional capacity of DS adults and show which physical attributes contribute to functional performance. Consequently appropriate training programmes can be tailored for this population whom is known to have poor functional fitness.

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Section: Test Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

The functional fitness capacity of adults with Down syndrome in South Africa

Terblanche

Boer

2012

J intellect Disabil Res

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“…2,3 Prehensile patterns and grip postures were assessed by the Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure (SHAP). The SHAP consists of 26 tasks: 12 abstract object tasks and 14 tasks of activities of daily living.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The i-LIMB Hand and the DMC Plus Hand Compared

Otr

Reinders-Messelink

Bongers

et al. 2010

Prosthetics &Amp; Orthotics International

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The i-LIMB hand is a novel upper limb myoelectric prosthetic hand with several joints in the fingers and thumb. This study aimed to determine whether this new device had more functionality than a more conventional myoelectric prosthetic hand with only a single joint between the thumb and two fingers. Therefore, a 45-year-old man with a wrist disarticulation used the i-LIMB hand and the widely used Dynamic Mode Control hand (DMC plus hand) in a test procedure that covered all functional levels of the International Classification of Function (ICF). Functional outcomes of the i-LIMB seemed to be lower than or equal to the DMC plus hand. The patient's satisfaction tended to be in favor of the i-LIMB. Compared to the DMC plus hand, the i-LIMB was more reliable when holding objects but had a lack of power and was less robust. We concluded that the i-LIMB hand has limited additional functionality compared to the DMC plus hand.

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“…Because handgrip strength test, gait speed test, and physical performance battery test (standing balance, gait speed, and chair rises) are quick, inexpensive, and easy to administer and are shown to be valid and reliable tools for assessing muscle strength (Mijnarends et al 2013), they are often included in data collection instruments of population-based surveys (Innes 1999;Roberts et al 2011).…”

Section: Sex Differences In Physical Performance Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%