Handbook of Machine Olfaction

Out of all the components of a mobile robot, its sensorial system is undoubtedly among the most critical ones when operating in real environments. Until now, these sensorial systems mostly relied on range sensors (laser scanner, sonar, active triangulation) and cameras. While electronic noses have barely been employed, they can provide a complementary sensory information, vital for some applications, as with humans. This chapter analyzes the motivation of providing a robot with gas-sensing capabilities and also reviews some of the hurdles that are preventing smell from achieving the importance of other sensing modalities in robotics. The achievements made so far are reviewed to illustrate the current status on the three main fields within robotics olfaction: the classification of volatile substances, the spatial estimation of the gas dispersion from sparse measurements, and the localization of the gas source within a known environment.

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“…When the chemical signal is lost, the robot performs zigzag walk and circling to relocate the lost plume. (Adapted from (Pearce et al, 2006)).…”

Section: Figure 5 Illustration Of Chemotactic Plume Tracking Approacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Odor-Sensitive Mobile Robots

Monroy

González-Jiménez

2019

Rapid Automation

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“…The most important part of an electronic nose is the detection system or chemical sensors, that are capable of converting a chemical change in the environment into an electric signal in the gas sensors and respond to the concentration of specific compounds from gases or liquids (Nagle, 2006). Chemical sensors can be based on electrical, thermal, mass or optical principles.…”

Section: Electronic Nose and Its Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of electronic noses, electronic tongues and biosensors as multisensor systems for spoilage examination in foods

Ghasemi‐Varnamkhasti

Apetrei

Lozano

et al. 2018

Trends in Food Science & Technology

135

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Development and use of reliable and precise detecting systems in the food supply chain must be taken into account to ensure the maximum level of food safety and quality for consumers. Spoilage is a challenging concern in food safety considerations as it is a threat to public health and is seriously considered in food hygiene issues accordingly. Although some procedures and detection methods are already available for the determination of spoilage in food products, these traditional methods have some limitations and drawbacks as they are time-consuming, labour intensive and relatively expensive. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of rapid, reliable, precise and non-expensive systems to be used in the food supply and production chain as monitoring devices to detect metabolic alterations in foodstuff. Attention to instrumental detection systems such as electronic noses, electronic tongues and biosensors coupled with chemometric approaches has greatly increased because they have been demonstrated as a promising alternative for the purpose of detecting and monitoring food spoilage. This paper mainly focuses on the recent developments and the application of such multisensor systems in the food industry. Furthermore, the most traditionally methods for food spoilage detection are introduced in this context as well. The challenges and future trends of the potential use of the systems are also discussed. Based on the published literature, encouraging reports demonstrate that such systems are indeed the most promising candidates for the detection and monitoring of spoilage microorganisms in different foodstuff.

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“…One of their main drawbacks is related to the response speed. While the response time of an animal's chemoreceptor is in the order of 100ms (Beer & Ritzmann, 1993), typical gas sensors need several tens of seconds before their responses reach the steady state values (Pearce, Schiffman, Nagle, & Gardner, 2006). For illustration, Figure 1 shows the rise and recovery times of a conventional metal oxide gas sensor when exposed to a rapid excitation.…”

Section: Chemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the plume structure can even change if the direction of air or water flow shifts considerably. Therefore, occasional failures are almost inevitable in the tracking of plumes (Pearce et al, 2006), being a key for success not only the track of the plume but also the plume recovery mechanisms to relocate the lost plume in case of failure.…”

Section: Plume Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%