HAMA PENTING TANAMAN UBI JALAR (Ipomea batatas L.(Lamb)) DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA, MINAHASA UTARA, DAN KOTA TOMOHON

Abstract

The research aimed to identify important pests which attack sweet potato in the field. Field and laboratory research were conducted. The field research was carried out in sweet potato cropping areas in Minahasa Regency, North Minahasa regency and Tomohon. The laboratory research was conducted in plant pests and disease laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Sam Ratulangi University Manado to idedntify the important pest species which were found on sweet potato plants. The duration of the study was four months starting from December 2010 until March 2011. Survey method was applied with purposive random sampling. The research was used 4 period of plant growth namely 1 month, 2 months,3 months, and 4-5 months after planting. The result showed that there were five orders identified, attacking sweet potato since the age of 1-4 months in Minahasa regency, Tomohon and North Minahasa regency. The five orders were Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Lepidoptera, and Coleoptera. The damage on the leaves were caused by pests coreidae, Cicadelidae, Spodoptera sp (Noctuidae), Valanga sp (Acrididae), and Oxya sp. (Acrididae), whereas on the stem was Omphisa sp (Pyralidae). Damage on the tuber was caused by Gryllotalpa sp (Gryllotalpidae), Cylas formicarius (Curculionidae) and Oryctes sp (Dynastidae).

Pemantauan Keanekaragaman Hama dan Musuh Alami Tanaman Ubi Jalar dengan Pitfall Trap

“…Jenis hama penting pada umur tanaman 1 bulan setelah tanam terdapat 3 yaitu kepik Coreidae perusak daun, Cicadelidae perusak daun, ordo Lepidoptera berupa larva perusak daun Spodoptera sp. (Noctuidae) (Pinontoan et al, 2011). Hama lain yang menyerang tanaman antara lain ulat jengkal (Geometridae sp.…”

“…Kelimpahan populasi serangga pada suatu habitat ditentukan oleh adanya keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan sumber makanan maupun sumber daya lain yang tersedia pada habitat tersebut. Keadaan sumber makanan yang berfluktuasi secara musiman akan menjadi faktor pembatas untuk keberadaan populasi organsme di suatu habitat oleh adanya kompetisi antar individu (Pinontoan et al, 2011).…”