Halosulfuron Has a Variable Effect on Cucurbit Growth and Yield

Webster, Theodore M.; Culpepper, A. Stanley

doi:10.21273/hortsci.40.3.707

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Unlike similar vegetable cropping systems (e.g., tomato, cucumber, and cantaloupe), acceptable long-term alternatives to methyl bromide for nutsedge management in eggplant have not been identifi ed. Halosulfuron (Trade name Sandea, Gowan Co., Yuma, Ariz.) has been identifi ed as a potential herbicide for use in several cucurbit crops (Batts et al, 2001;Brown and Masiunas, 2002;Haar et al, 2002;Johnson and Mullinix, 2002;Webster and Culpepper, 2005;Webster et al, 2003) and solaneceous crops (Buker et al, 2004;Grichar et al, 2003;Haar et al, 2002). Halosulfuron controls purple and yellow nutsedge (Blum et al, 2000;Derr et al, 1996;Vencill et al, 1995), impedes tuber production (Lowe et al, 2000;Nelson and Renner, 2002;Warren and Coble, 1999), reduces tuber viability (Molin et al, 1999), prevents shoot regrowth and reduces nutsedge competitiveness .…”

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confidence: 99%

Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Webster¹,

Culpepper²

2005

HortSci

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Halosulfuron is an alternative to methyl bromide for managing nutsedges (Cyperus spp.) in several vegetable crops. Field studies were conducted to evaluate eggplant growth and yield when halosulfuron was applied through drip-irrigation before transplant at four rates (0, 26, 39, or 52 g·ha–1 a.i.) or following transplant (26 g·ha–1 applied 1, 2, or 3 weeks after transplant) in spring and fall crops in 2002 and 2003. Inverse linear relationships were observed between rate of halosulfuron and eggplant growth and rate of halosulfuron and eggplant yield. Halosulfuron at 52 g·ha–1 reduced eggplant growth (crop height and canopy width) 19% to 22%. Eggplant fruit biomass at the first harvest was reduced 37% to 63% by halosulfuron applied before transplant. Eggplant was capable of recovering from the initial injury and there was no effect of halosulfuron rate on fruit biomass at the final harvest. Total season fruit biomass was reduced ≤4% from halosulfuron at 39 g·ha–1, while halosulfuron at 52 g·ha–1 reduced fruit biomass 33%. Delay in application of halosulfuron to 3 weeks after transplant (WAT) resulted in ≤7% reduction in fruit biomass and number for the entire season. When halosulfuron was applied 1 WAT, fruit biomass at the first two harvests was reduced >33%, however total season harvest from this treatment was >99% of the yield from the nontreated control. This preliminary study indicates that halosulfuron injected through drip tape may have the potential to assist in the replacement of methyl bromide for nutsedge management in eggplant. However, there are many issues that must be addressed and studied before adopting this practice in eggplant.

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Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Webster¹,

Culpepper²

2005

HortSci

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“…In previous research, watermelon was injured 9 to 40% with halosulfuron at 20 to 50 g/ha applied PRE with no effect on yield (Bradenberger et al 2005a). Other studies have demonstrated cucurbit crop tolerance to halosulfuron PRE ( Johnson and Mullinix 2005;Webster and Culpepper 2005). Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seeded Watermelon and Weed Response to Halosulfuron Applied Preemergence and Postemergence

Macrae¹,

Culpepper²,

Batts³

et al. 2008

Weed Technology

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Managing weeds in watermelon is challenging because of the limited availability of herbicides approved for use in this crop. Field experiments on efficacy and crop tolerance were conducted to determine the potential for halosulfuron use in watermelon in Georgia and North Carolina. Halosulfuron was applied PRE, early POST (EPOST; one-leaf watermelon), and late POST (LPOST; watermelon with 30-cm runners) at 26, 39, and 52 g ai/ha. Under weed-free conditions, PRE treatments did not injure watermelon. EPOST and LPOST treatments caused 45 and 34% injury 2 wk after treatment, respectively, averaged over halosulfuron rate. EPOST treatments reduced watermelon fruit number and total weight by 15 and 22%, respectively, and LPOST treatments reduced total fruit weight 12%. Halosulfuron PRE at 39 or 52 g/ha provided 94% or greater control of carpetweed, Palmer amaranth, and smooth pigweed. EPOST treatments controlled 84 and 88% of yellow nutsedge and smooth pigweed, respectively, but LPOST treatments controlled less than 83% of all weed species. Sequential applications of halosulfuron at 26 g/ha PRE and 26 g/ha LPOST controlled 89 to 99% of carpetweed, coffee senna, Palmer amaranth, smooth pigweed, and yellow nutsedge. Our data suggest growers can effectively use halosulfuron PRE in seeded watermelon. However, POST applications should be made only after watermelon has 30-cm runners and as a salvage spot treatment where previous weed control strategies have failed to provide adequate control.

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“…Similar results were observed at UKREC (Table 1). Webster and Culpepper (2005a) evaluated halosulfuron applied under plastic in spring squash (Cucurbita spp.) and observed that halosulfuron did not differ from the untreated control in squash plant size and yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Halosulfuron Performance in Transplanted Plasticulture Tomato with Trifluralin and Oxyfluorfen Tank Mixes

Masabni

Arboleya

2008

International Journal of Vegetable Science

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Halosulfuron is labeled for use under plastic for freshmarket tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), and has significantly improved management of yellow nutsedge. Halosulfuron is not labeled for control of grasses. There is a need to determine how halosulfuron weed control can be improved and determine its application timing flexibility. Experiments were conducted at two locations to evaluate halosulfuron, applied alone or in tank-mixes with trifluralin or oxyfluorfen, at intervals shorter than label recommendations, and to determine efficacy and crop safety in plasticulture fresh-market tomato in Kentucky, USA and in Uruguay. Halosulfuron, trifluralin, and oxyfluorfen were equally safe to plants when applied at 0 or 7 days before transplanting tomato. Yields at both locations indicated that addition of trifluralin or oxyfluorfen to halosulfuron had no negative effect on tomato plant size and total yields. Yields were less with halosulfuron applied alone than in tank mixes with trifluralin or oxyfluorfen. Trifluralin and oxyfluorfen are potential tank mix partners with halosulfuron for use under plastic mulch. It appears that halosulfuron alone or in tank mixes is safe for application at intervals shorter than current label recommendations.

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Halosulfuron Has a Variable Effect on Cucurbit Growth and Yield

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Seeded Watermelon and Weed Response to Halosulfuron Applied Preemergence and Postemergence

Improving Halosulfuron Performance in Transplanted Plasticulture Tomato with Trifluralin and Oxyfluorfen Tank Mixes

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