Halolamina pelagica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Halobacteriaceae

Abstract

Halolamina pelagica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Halobacteriaceae Two extremely halophilic archaeal strains, TBN21 T and TBN49, were isolated from the Taibei marine solar saltern near Lianyungang city, Jiangsu province, China. Cells of the two strains were pleomorphic and Gram-negative and colonies were red. Strains TBN21 T and TBN49 were able to grow at 25-50 6C (optimum 37 6C), at 1.4-5.1 M NaCl (optimum 3.4-3.9 M) and at pH 5.5-9.5 (optimum pH 7.0-7.5) and neither strain required Mg 2+ for growth. Cells lysed in distilled water and the minimal NaCl concentration to prevent cell lysis was 8 % (w/v). The major polar lipids of the two strains were phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and eight glycolipids; three of these glycolipids (GL3, GL4 and GL5) were chromatographically identical to sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether (S-DGD-1), galactosyl mannosyl glucosyl diether (TGD-1) and mannosyl glucosyl diether (DGD-1), respectively. The past 5 years have witnessed the rapid expansion of the family Halobacteriaceae, the single family described within the order Halobacteriales. As many novel species have been discovered and added to established genera (Oren et al. et al., 2011). This expansion indicates that the family Halobacteriaceae is more diverse than was previously recognized. During our surveys of the halophilic archaeal diversity of marine solar salterns of eastern China, we isolated two pleomorphic, thin-slice-shaped strains that were phylogenetically related to Halobaculum (Hbl.) gomorrense Oren et al. 1995 (89.0-89.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain). In this study, we characterize these two strains as representing a novel species in a new genus of the family Halobacteriaceae. Strains TBN21T and TBN49 were isolated from brine sampled from Taibei

Phylogenetic Diversities and Community Structure of Members of the Extremely Halophilic Archaea (Order Halobacteriales) in Multiple Saline Sediment Habitats

“…Prior studies have identified members of the Halorubrum and Haloquadratum and, in some samples, Halonotius, Natrinema, and Haloferax as dominant members of crystallizer salterns (8,45,47), while in our study, members of the recently described genera Halogranum, Halolamina, Halosarcina Halorientalis, and Haloplanus represented a major fraction of the Halobacteriales community in multiple habitats (e.g., 60.8, 66.4, 41.1, and 49.4% in MAN, ZDT, CAR, and SPL, respectively). This attests to the relevance and significance of recent efforts for the isolation and characterization of novel Halobacteriales genera in various habitats beyond typical hypersaline water bodies (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)59). Unfortunately, aside from standard information presented in species description papers, little information is available regarding the physiological capabilities, adaptive mechanisms, and genomic characteristics of these genera.…”

“…do not appear to be well adapted to low-salinity habitats such as Zodletone Spring ( Table 2). The genus Halolamina contains only one described species, which has recently been isolated from an artificial marine saltern in China (17). Halolamina-associated sequences were most abundant in sediments from the Great Salt Plains, mangrove, and Zodletone Spring, suggesting their adaptability to survive in environments with various degrees of salinity fluctuations (Table 2).…”

“…One of the more surprising finding of this study is the relatively low abundance yet extremely high levels of alpha and beta diversity of sequences unaffiliated with any of the 38 currently recognized archaeal genera. The low percentage of novel sequences within all data sets examined in this study is due to the recent success in isolating and describing novel genera from multiple soil and sediment habitats (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)59). It is also a function of implementation of a local Blast approach against a curated data set of all validly described Halobacteriales sequences as detailed in Materials and Methods.…”

Halopelagius longus sp. nov., a member of the family Halobacteriaceae isolated from a salt mine, and emended description of the genus Halopelagius

“…Neutral oligotrophic haloarchaeal medium (NOM-3) containing 100 mg streptomycin ml 21 and 100 mg ampicillin ml 21 was used in the initial enrichment (Cui et al, 2011). The soil samples were collected from a salt mine located in Baicheng County, Xinjiang province, China.…”

“…Twenty-two transformants of strain BC12-B1 T were G V picked randomly and sequenced to determine whether the strain possessed multiple distinct 16S rRNA genes. Multiple sequence alignments were performed as described by Cui et al (2011). The sequence was aligned with closely related 16S rRNA gene sequences by the EzTaxon-e server (Kim et al, 2012) and BLAST (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Blast.cgi).…”