Halobacillus mangrovi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from the black mangrove Avicennia germinans

Abstract

A moderately halophilic, spore-forming, Gram-positive, short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain MS10 T , was isolated from the surface of leaves of the black mangrove Avicennia germinans and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain MS10 T was able to grow at NaCl concentrations in the range 5-20 % (w/v) with optimum growth at 10 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred at temperatures of 10-50 6C (optimal growth at 33-35 6C) and pH 6.0-9.0 (optimal growth at pH 7.0). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain MS10 T fell within the branch encompassing members of the genus Halobacillus and was most closely related to Halobacillus dabanensis JCM 12772 T (99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The DNA G+C content of strain MS10 T was 45.7 mol%, the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the cell-wall peptidoglycan was of the L-Orn-D-Asp type, characteristics consistent with its affiliation to the genus Halobacillus. Strain MS10 T showed a level of DNA-DNA hybridization with H. dabanensis JCM 12772 T of 29 % and levels below 70 % were also obtained with respect to other recognized members of the genus Halobacillus. The major fatty acids of strain MS10 T were iso-C 16 : 0 , anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 14 : 0 and iso-C 15 : 0 . Overall, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic results presented in this study demonstrate that strain MS10 T represents a novel species of the genus Halobacillus, for which the name Halobacillus mangrovi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MS10 T (5CECT 7206 T 5CCM 7397 T ).The genus Halobacillus was first described by Spring et al. (1996) et al., 2005). Besides the ability to produce ellipsoidal or spherical endospores at the central or subterminal position, one of the main features of the genus Halobacillus is the cell-wall peptidoglycan type based on L-Orn-D-Asp, in contrast to the meso-diaminopimelic acid or L-lysine type cell-wall peptidoglycan found in related genera (Shida et al., 1997;Yoon et al., 2003). There have been no previous reports of members of the genus Halobacillus associated with mangroves that thrive in saline habitats.Avicennia germinans (black mangrove) is a type of mangrove that has developed mechanisms to tolerate high salt concentrations in unstable substrates, to obtain oxygen from almost anoxic sediments and to reproduce under harsh environmental conditions. One of these mechanisms is the ability to secrete salt crystals on to the surface of its leaves when the salt concentration is in excess of that normally present in the vascular system (Lugo & Snedaker, 1975). In the present study, we determined the taxonomic position of bacterial strain MS10 T , which was isolated from the surface of leaves of the black mangrove during a microbial diversity study. On the basis of the results presented, we show that strain MS10 T represents a novel species of the genus Halobacillus.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MS10 T is DQ888316. & Gibbons, 1960). This p...

Halobacillus naozhouensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea anemone

“…The major fatty acids of strain JSM 071068 T were anteiso-C 15:0 (52.3%), anteiso-C 17:0 (11.1%) and iso-C 15:0 (10.4%), with iso-C 14:0 (2.3%), C 16:0 (5.7%), iso-C 16:0 (4.2%), C 16:1 x6c/x7c (2.3%), iso-C 17:0 (2.6%), C 17:0 cyclo (1.1%), and C 18:1 x9c (4.5%) present in minor amounts, and anteiso-C 13:0 , C 14:0 , C 16:1 x7c alcohol, anteiso-C 16:0 , C 16:1 x9c, C 17:0 , C 17:1 x8c and C 18:0 being detected at a level of \1%. This fatty acid profile was similar to those of the recognized Halobacillus species (Amoozegar et al 2003;Liu et al 2005;An et al 2007;Hua et al 2007;Soto-Ramírez et al 2008;Yoon et al 2003Yoon et al , 2004, although there were differences in the proportions of some fatty acids, probably because of differences in cultivation conditions and extraction procedures as discussed by Liu et al (2005) and Yoon et al (2005Yoon et al ( , 2007Yoon et al ( , 2008.…”

“…The strain possessed a cell-wall type based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and contained menaquinone MK-7 (95.5%) as the predominant respiratory quinone, with MK-6 (1.9%) and MK-8 (2.6%) present in minor amounts. This respiratory quinone profile was typical of most recognized species of the genus Halobacillus (Amoozegar et al 2003;Liu et al 2005;An et al 2007;Hua et al 2007;Romano et al 2008;Soto-Ramírez et al 2008;Yoon et al 2003Yoon et al , 2004Yoon et al , 2005Yoon et al , 2007Yoon et al , 2008. The major fatty acids of strain JSM 071068 T were anteiso-C 15:0 (52.3%), anteiso-C 17:0 (11.1%) and iso-C 15:0 (10.4%), with iso-C 14:0 (2.3%), C 16:0 (5.7%), iso-C 16:0 (4.2%), C 16:1 x6c/x7c (2.3%), iso-C 17:0 (2.6%), C 17:0 cyclo (1.1%), and C 18:1 x9c (4.5%) present in minor amounts, and anteiso-C 13:0 , C 14:0 , C 16:1 x7c alcohol, anteiso-C 16:0 , C 16:1 x9c, C 17:0 , C 17:1 x8c and C 18:0 being detected at a level of \1%.…”

Characterization of Alkaline Phosphatase Producing Bacteria Isolated from Thai Fermented Fish Products

“…On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, this isolate was placed in the genus Halobacillus. The isolate NSW13-3 (1472 bp) was closely related to H. mangrovi MS10 T with 97.9% sequence similarity (Figure 3) (Soto-Ramírez et al, 2008). The isolate showed different phenotypic characteristics from Halobacillus mangrovi MS10 T (Table 3) and contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall which was absent in Halobacillus mangrovi MS10…”

Halobacillus salsuginis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a subterranean brine

“…At the time of writing, the genus comprises 16 recognized species, the three named above plus Halobacillus salinus (Yoon et al, 2003), H. karajensis (Amoozegar et al, 2003), H. locisalis (Yoon et al, 2004), H. aidingensis and H. dabanensis (Liu et al, 2005), H. yeomjeoni (Yoon et al, 2005), H. campisalis (Yoon et al, 2007), H. profundi and H. kuroshimensis (Hua et al, 2007), H. faecis , H. alkaliphilus (Romano et al, 2008), H. mangrovi (Soto-Ramírez et al, 2008) and H. seohaensis (Yoon et al, 2008). In a recent study of the microbial diversity in the ancient salt deposit of the Xiangli Salt Mine in Hunan Province, China, a moderately halophilic bacterium, designated JSM 078133 T , was isolated from a subterranean brine sample.…”