Hairy roots of Dracocephalum moldavica: rosmarinic acid content and antioxidant potential

Abstract

Hairy roots of Dracocephalum moldavica L. were induced using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4. Transformed roots were obtained from shoot explants with low transformation frequency of up to 3 %. The effects of different liquid media: Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg et al. (B5) and Woody Plant (WP) with full-and half-strength ( MS, B5, WP), on biomass accumulation and rosmarinic acid (RA) content were investigated. The hairy roots were cultured in photoperiod (16 h light/8 h dark) and darkness. Biomass of D. moldavica hairy roots was the highest (7.23 g flask -1 of fresh weight and 0.89 g flask -1 of dry weight) in the cultures grown in WP medium under periodic light. Ultra performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed the highest RA content (78 mg g -1 dry wt) in roots cultured in B5 medium under photoperiod conditions. It was about tenfold higher compared to roots of field-grown mother plants. Antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of methanolic extracts of D. moldavica hairy roots cultured in B5 and WP media under photoperiod and darkness and roots of field grown plants were compared. All extracts were investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and phosphomolybdenum reduction assays. Total phenolic contents were estimated by the FolinCiocalteu method. The methanolic extract of D. moldavica hairy roots grown in B5 medium under photoperiod possessed the strongest effects on reducing Mo and DPPH radical scavenging. The activities were significantly higher (p B 0.05) than those of methanolic extract of roots of intact plants grown in the field. The most active methanolic extract of hairy roots was characterized by the highest level of rosmarinic acid and total content of phenolic compounds.

Evaluation of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from transgenic hairy root cultures of gherkin ( Cucumis anguria L.)

“…3a, b). Similar results have demonstrated that TPC and TFC were higher in hairy roots compared to non-transgenic roots in Dracocephalum moldavica (Weremczuk-Jezyna et al, 2013) and P. multiflorum (Thiruvengadam et al, 2014a).…”

Induction of hairy roots by Agrobacterium rhizogenes -mediated transformation of spine gourd ( Momordica dioica Roxb. ex. willd) for the assessment of phenolic compounds and biological activities

“…Consistently, hairy roots were exhibited of higher antioxidant activity in D. moldavica (Weremczuk-Jezyna et al, 2013), P. multiflorum (Thiruvengadam et al, 2014a), M. charantia (Thiruvengadam et al, 2014b), and Isatis tinctoria (Gai et al, 2015). Means ± standard deviation of three replicates (n = 3) within a column a-d , or row x-z followed by the same letters are not significantly different according Duncan's multiple range test at P ≤ 0.05.…”

“…The total phenolic content of hairy roots was 21.51 mg/g GAE and their total flavonoid content was 2.75 mg/g QE; total phenolic content of non-transgenic roots was 15.10 mg/g GAE and their total flavonoid content was 1.91 mg/g QE. Similarly, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher in hairy roots compared to non-transgenic roots of Dracocephalum moldavica (Weremczuk-Jezyna et al, 2013), P. multiflorum (Thiruvengadam et al, 2014a) and M. charantia (Thiruvengadam et al, 2014b).…”

Iron oxide nanoparticles: a novel elicitor to enhance anticancer flavonoid production and gene expression in Dracocephalum kotschyi hairy‐root cultures

“…In Agastache foeniculum hairy root cultures, a fourfold increase in RA content was observed . The production of RA was elevated threefold in D. moldavicac hairy root culture . Reports showed high methoxylated flavonoid content in the Labiatae family.…”