Hairy Root Cultures for Secondary Metabolites Production

Abstract

Hairy roots (HRs) are differentiated cultures of transformed roots generated by the\ud \ud infection of wounded higher plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. This pathogen\ud \ud causes the HR disease leading to the neoplastic growth of roots that are characterized\ud \ud by high growth rate in hormone free media and genetic stability. HRs produce the same\ud \ud phytochemicals pattern of the corresponding wild type organ. High stability and productivity\ud \ud features allow the exploitation of HRs as valuable biotechnological tool for the production of\ud \ud plant secondary metabolites. In addition, several elicitation methods can be used to further\ud \ud enhance their accumulation in both small and large scale production. However, in the latter\ud \ud case, cultivation in bioreactors should be still optimized. HRs can be also utilised as biological\ud \ud farm for the production of recombinant proteins, hence holding additional potential for industrial\ud \ud use. HR technology has been strongly improved by increased knowledge of molecular\ud \ud mechanisms underlying their development. The present review summarizes updated aspects of\ud \ud the hairy root induction, genetics and metabolite productio

Plant Tissue Culture: Current Status and Opportunities

“…High stability [101] and productivity features allow the exploitation of hairy roots as valuable biotechnological tool for the production of plant secondary metabolites [102]. These genetically transformed root cultures can produce levels of secondary metabolites comparable to that of intact plants [103].…”

In vitro Cultures of Bituminaria bituminosa: Pterocarpan, Furanocoumarin and Isoflavone Production and Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation

“…Young and mature leaves produced callus that showed a typical growth curve with a log phase from day 21 to day 31, or from day 21 to day 38 for Cyl and Cal, respectively (Figure 1 a,b). In vitro cultures have been proposed as plant biofactories to produce active secondary metabolites for several industrial products [18][19]. The genus Psoralea contains interesting metabolites for pharmaceutical purposes, and therefore B. bituminosa organs and callus cultures were established to produce such compounds.…”

Natural Product-Based Biopesticides for Insect Control

“…The potential of adventituos and hairy root cultures as a stable source of biologically active compounds indicate that the industrial exploitation of these culture systems may be possible through up scaling in bioreactors. [596][597][598][599][600] Studies on the production of some commercially important botanical insecticides by means of hairy root cultures have been carried out. Some examples are azaridachtin (Azadirachta indica, 601,602 ), gossypol (Gossypium hirsutum, 603 ), tiophenes (Tagetes patula, 604 ), phytoecdysteroids (Ajuga reptans var.…”