Hairless down-regulates expression of Msx2 and its related target genes in hair follicles

Kim, Bong-Kyu; Yoon, Sungjoo Kim

doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.04.019

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In accordance with this, nails of Foxn1 mutants expressed even less hard keratin than those of Msx2 mutants [16]. In addition, it has been demonstrated that Msx2 and Foxn1 both play roles in regulating hard keratin expression during hair differentiation, suggesting that the Msx2-Foxn1-hair keratin pathway may represent a general pathway regulating skin appendage differentiation [16,27,30].…”

Section: Bmp Signalingsupporting

confidence: 54%

Exploring the biology of the nail: An intriguing but less-investigated skin appendage

Saito

Ohyama

Amagai

2015

Journal of Dermatological Science

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Section: Bmp Signalingsupporting

confidence: 54%

Exploring the biology of the nail: An intriguing but less-investigated skin appendage

Saito

Ohyama

Amagai

2015

Journal of Dermatological Science

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“…The matrix is derived from epithelial stem cells located in the bulge region of the HF [30]. Several important pathways and transcription factors that initiate and promote differentiation of the matrix cells have been determined, including Gata3 and Cutl (which regulate IRS differentiation and BMP signaling [31]), and transcription factors such as Gdsma3 [32], Msx2 [33], Foxn1 [34] and Hoxc13 [35] that are required for complete HF development and optimal hair shaft structure.…”

Section: Hfs Hair Cycle Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug discovery for alopecia: gone today, hair tomorrow

Santos

Avci

Hamblin

2015

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

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Introduction Hair loss or alopecia affects the majority of the population at some time in their life, and increasingly, sufferers are demanding treatment. Three main types of alopecia (androgenic [AGA], areata [AA] and chemotherapy-induced [CIA]) are very different, and have their own laboratory models and separate drug-discovery efforts. Areas covered In this article, the authors review the biology of hair, hair follicle (HF) cycling, stem cells and signaling pathways. AGA, due to dihydrotesterone, is treated by 5-α reductase inhibitors, androgen receptor blockers and ATP-sensitive potassium channel-openers. AA, which involves attack by CD8+NK group 2D-positive (NKG2D+) T cells, is treated with immunosuppressives, biologics and JAK inhibitors. Meanwhile, CIA is treated by apoptosis inhibitors, cytokines and topical immunotherapy. Expert opinion The desire to treat alopecia with an easy topical preparation is expected to grow with time, particularly with an increasing aging population. The discovery of epidermal stem cells in the HF has given new life to the search for a cure for baldness. Drug discovery efforts are being increasingly centered on these stem cells, boosting the hair cycle and reversing miniaturization of HF. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune attack in AA will yield new drugs. New discoveries in HF neogenesis and low-level light therapy will undoubtedly have a role to play.

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“…Another gene downregulated by Hr is MSX2 and its related target genes [83]. Although Hr counteracts against it, Msx2 is stimulated by GDSMA [84].…”

Section: Cytodifferentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Hr counteracts against it, Msx2 is stimulated by GDSMA [84]. Among the genes that are upregulated by Msx2 are NOTCH1, FOXN1, LEF1 and keratin genes (KRTs) [83,85]. Notch1 is capable of modulating Wnt signaling, what is important due the fact that the establishment and stability of cell fates during development depend on the integration of multiple signals, which ultimately modulate specific patterns of gene expression [86].…”

Section: Cytodifferentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CASP14 is present in hair follicles and is also stimulated by the EDA pathway, playing a role in the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes [131]. Furthermore, HR regulates the suitable expression of MSX2 and its target genes, implicated in cellular differentiation [83]. DSG4 is another desmoglein whose function is implicated with desmosome integrity in the hair shaft [132].…”

Section: Deciphering a Pathway Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A guide for building biological pathways along with two case studies: hair and breast development

Trindade

Orsine

Barbosa-Silva

et al. 2015

Methods

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Hairless down-regulates expression of Msx2 and its related target genes in hair follicles

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Exploring the biology of the nail: An intriguing but less-investigated skin appendage

Exploring the biology of the nail: An intriguing but less-investigated skin appendage

Drug discovery for alopecia: gone today, hair tomorrow

A guide for building biological pathways along with two case studies: hair and breast development

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