Hair growth-promoting effect of Geranium sibiricum extract in human dermal papilla cells and C57BL/6 mice

Abstract

Background Geranium sibiricum L. has been used as a medicinal plant to treat diarrhea, bacterial infection, and cancer in Bulgaria, Peru, and Korea. However, its hair growth-promoting effect was not investigated so far. This study examined the effects of Geranium sibiricum L. extract (GSE) on hair growth, using in vitro and in vivo models.MethodsAntioxidant, proliferation and migration assay of GSE was performed with human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Hair-growth promoting effect was measured in animal model. Relative expression of interleukin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta 1 was determined by real time RT-PCR. Expression of Ki-67 and stem cell factor were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsGSE treatment proliferated and migrated human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) more than treatment of 10 μM minoxidil. GSE significantly stimulated the expression of Ki-67 protein and the mRNA levels of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in hDPCs. Topical application of 1,000 ppm GSE for 3 weeks promoted more significant hair growth on shaved C57BL/6 mice than did 5% minoxidil. The histological morphology of hair follicles demonstrated an active anagen phase with the induction of stem cell factor. GSE treatment significantly reduced the number of mast cells and the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 in mouse skin tissues.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that GSE promotes hair growth in vitro and in vivo by regulating growth factors and the cellular response.

Hair Growth Activity of Three Plants of the Polynesian Cosmetopoeia and Their Regulatory Effect on Dermal Papilla Cells

“…Indeed, the results of the cell proliferation assay on DPCs showed that the ethyl acetate extract of F. berteroana , FEAE, and fractions FEAE-F0, FEAE-F1, FEAE-F2 and FEAE-F3, exhibit strong proliferative activity on DPCs between 6.25 and 25 μg mL −1 after 24h and 48h of treatment with increases of up to 25% compared to the control. C. inophyllum extracts CEAE and CEWE and fractions CEAE-F4 and CEAE-F5 increase cell proliferation in the dermal papilla between 6.25 and 25 μg mL −1 after 24 h. These findings are similar to several extracts reported in the literature for stimulating hair growth via proliferation of DP cells such as the marine alga Ishige sinicola ethanol extract that increased cell proliferation by 5.5% compared to the control at 10 μg mL −1 after 4 days of treatment [ 47 ] or a methanol extract of Geranium sibiricum that induced a 32.7% increase in DPCs after 24 h of treatment [ 48 ]. Senescent DP cells progressively undergo apoptosis and lose their proliferative activity, leading to gradual hair thinning [ 49 ].…”

“…Coumaric and sinapic acids are both hydroxycinnamic acids, and coumaric acid was identified in all three ethyl acetate extracts of F. berteroana, C. inophyllum and B. pilosa ( Table 1 ), further pointing towards a potential Wnt/β-catenin target stimulation of hair growth of our extracts and fractions. Several other natural compounds have shown hair growth activity such as a tannin, corilagin [ 48 , 61 ], chalcones with 3-deoxysappanchalcone [ 67 ], terpenes, such as costunolide [ 68 ], or ginsenoside Rb1 [ 69 , 70 ]. A derivative of benzodiazepine named tianeptine was also found to have an effect on hair growth [ 45 ].…”

Review of Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla cells as in vitro screening model for hair growth

“…The research on herbs and active constituents as hair growth promoters has been driven by their less toxicity, easy availability, low‐cost, patient compliance and more than one mode of biochemical action . Specific effects of herbal extracts, polyherbal formulations, flavonoids and natural compounds on DPCs have been examined . In vivo hair growth promoting effects as proof of concept are also mentioned.…”

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Expression of Anagen-Related Molecules in Human Dermal Papilla Cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway

“…Hair disorders such as hair loss (alopecia), androgenic alopecia, or excessive hair growth (hirsutism, hypertrichosis) may impact the social and psychological well-being of an individual [1,2]. Various agents, including herbal and natural extracts [3][4][5], growth factors, cytokines [6,7], placental extract, stem cells [8], conditioned medium, peptides, hormones, lipid nanocarrier, light, physical stimulation [9], androgens and their analogs, stress-serum, and chemotherapeutic agents, have been examined for their hair-growth-modulating effects in hDPCs. Nevertheless, alopecia is an exceedingly prevalent condition which affects men and women of all ages.…”