Hair analysis by GC[sol ]MS[sol ]MS to verify abuse of drugs

Abstract

Because of its peculiar characteristics, hair analysis provides a way of obtaining information that cannot be acquired by other commonly used forensic medical analyses, such as blood or urine analysis. In the keratin matrix many xenobiotics are incorporated permanently, in contrast to the situation with blood or urine where they are generally only detectable for a few hours or days. Therefore hair analysis should be the method of choice in the clinical and forensic toxicology field when the assessment of repeated or chronic exposure to a drug is required, e.g. in the case of criminal responsibility, revocation/restoration of a driving licence or in workplace testing. Some factors that can affect the concentrations of drugs in hair, such as passive contamination, age, ethnicity and cosmetic treatment, must be considered. Analytical methodology is also very important: GC/MS/MS has proved to be a highly sensitive and specific technique for the detection of very low concentrations of such drugs in hair. In this study five cases of the application of hair analyses using this technique for the determination of abused drugs (opiates, cocaine, amphetamine, anabolic steroids) are described.

Analyse des cannabinoïdes par spectrométrie de masse en mode tandem

“…Que ce soit pour une analyse par GC ou LC-MS/MS, les cheveux sont d'abord décontaminés puis subissent une digestion alcaline avant l'extraction et l'analyse des cannabinoïdes [18,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Ils sont mis en présence d'hydroxyde de sodium ou de potassium pendant quinze à soixante minutes et chauffés entre 75 et 100…”

“…Les analyses d'échantillons réels donnent les résultats suivants : pour le CBN et le CBD, les concentrations sont généralement comprises entre la limite de quantification et 300 pg/mg [28,34]. En ce qui concerne le THC et le THC-COOH, les concentrations dans les cheveux varient entre 3 et 200 pg/mg et 0,1 et 10 pg/mg, respectivement [28,29].…”

“…En ce qui concerne le THC et le THC-COOH, les concentrations dans les cheveux varient entre 3 et 200 pg/mg et 0,1 et 10 pg/mg, respectivement [28,29].…”

“…Certains auteurs l'utilisent également pour les cheveux [28,29,32] ou le fluide oral [41,[62][63][64].…”

Comprehensive Analysis of Emerging New Psychoactive Substances by Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Mass Spectrometry

“…With the aid of GC-MS/MS, the mass spectrometric differentiation of designer drug regioisomers has been successfully achieved with the implementation of EI and/or CI sources [20, 22-23, 29, 126-127]. GC-MS/MS has also been applied to the identification and quantitation of traditional drugs of abuse, especially for the presence of GHB, opioids, cocaine, and amphetamine derivatives in human hair where a method of high sensitivity is required [88][89]128]. In this section 5.1, the qualitative identification of 244 NPS was performed by GC-MS/MS with EI and CI sources to investigate the potential of the instrument as an alternative confirmatory technique in seized drug analysis.…”