Haemoproteus paraortalidum n. sp. in captive Black-fronted Piping-guans Aburria jacutinga (Galliformes, Cracidae): High prevalence in a population reintroduced into the wild

Ferreira, Francisco C.; Dutra, Daniela de Angeli; Martins, Nélson Rodrigo da Silva; Valkiūnas, Gediminas; Braga, Érika Martins

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.08.035

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…prevalence and vice versa. That same pattern has already been recorded in Amazonian birds (Svensson-Coelho et al 2013 ) and it could be indicative of vector host preferences, particularly since each genus is vectored by different dipteran insects (Ferreira-Junior et al 2018 ). Therefore, exposure rates could be also associated with bird behaviours (nesting type and height, social behaviour, foraging height, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Haemosporidians from a Neglected Group of Terrestrial Wild Birds in the Peruvian Amazonia

et al. 2022

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Haemosporidians are a widespread group of blood parasites transmitted by vectors. Despite their relevance for bird conservation, few studies have been conducted in the Amazonia and even less in terrestrial wild birds. We analysed blood samples from 168 game birds, collected from 2008 to 2015 by subsistence hunters of an indigenous rural community in the Peruvian Amazonia. DNA was tested for Haemoproteus spp., Plasmodium spp. and Leucocytozoon spp. and positive amplicons were sequenced and curated for phylogenetic analysis. Haemosporidian prevalence was 72% overall, 66.7% for Haemoproteus spp. and 5.4% for Plasmodium spp. and respectively by bird species: Spix’s Guan (Penelope jacquacu,n = 72) 87.5% and 0%, Razor-billed Curassow (Mitu tuberosum,n = 45) 77.8% and 6.7%, White-winged Trumpeter (Psophia leucoptera,n = 20) 6.3% and 12.5%, Blue-throated Piping-guan (Pipile cumanensis,n = 16) 73.3% and 6.7%, and Great Tinamou (Tinamus major,n = 15) 10% and 15%. Leucocytozoon spp. was not found. P. leucoptera and T. major were less likely to be infected with Haemoproteus spp. Fruit abundance had a negative association with Haemoproteus spp. prevalence and precipitation was negatively associated with Plasmodium spp. prevalence. The 106 sequences examined represented 29 lineages, 82.8% of them were new lineages (Plasmodiumn = 3, Haemoproteusn = 21). Novel host-parasite associations and lineages were unveiled, including probably new species of Plasmodium spp. Our results highlight the scientific value of alternative sampling methods and the collaboration with local communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Other studies reported blood parasites on captive terrestrial birds, Cracidae: Aburria jacutinga ( Haemoproteus spp. ; 62.1%, 18/29) (Ferreira-Junior et al 2018 ), A. jacitinga (haemosporidians; 42.8%, 18/42) (Motta et al 2013 ), A. mantelli ( Plasmodium spp. ; 78.0%, 25/32) (Banda et al 2013 ), Mitu tormentosum ( Plasmodium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemosporidians from a Neglected Group of Terrestrial Wild Birds in the Peruvian Amazonia

et al. 2022

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“… H. paraortalidum (Fig. 17 j) [ 108 ] 18 (17) Fully grown gametocytes of roundish or various oval forms (Fig. 17 k, l) are present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keys to the avian Haemoproteus parasites (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae)

Valkiūnas

Iezhova

2022

Malar J

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Background Haemoproteus is a sister genus to malaria parasites (Plasmodium), which both belong to the order Haemosporida (Apicomplexa). Parasites of both genera are flourishing in birds, however, Haemoproteus species are noticeably less investigated. This is unfortunate because knowledge about close relatives of malaria pathogens is important for better understanding the evolutionary origin and basic biological features of the entire group of haemosporidian infections. Moreover, recent findings show that Haemoproteus species can cause severe damage of various bird organs due to megalomeronts and other exo-erythrocytic stages. These haemosporidians are remarkably diverse, but remain neglected partly due to difficulties in species identification. Hundreds of Haemoproteus genetic lineages have been reported in birds, and numerous new lineages are found each year, but most remain unidentified to the species level. Numerous new Haemoproteus pathogens were described during the past 20 years. However, keys for their identification are absent. Identification of Haemoproteus species remains a difficult task and is an obstacle for better understanding of the distribution and epidemiology of these parasites. This study aimed to develop comprehensive keys for the identification of described avian Haemoproteus species using morphological features of their blood stages (gametocytes). Methods Type and voucher preparations of avian Haemoproteus species were accessed in museums in Europe, Australia and the USA. Gametocytes of most described species were examined, and these data formed a background for this study. The data also were considered from published articles containing parasite species descriptions. The method of dichotomous keys was applied. The most difficult steps in the keys were accompanied with references to the corresponding parasite pictures. Results In all, 201 published articles were included in this review. Morphological diagnostic features of gametocytes of all described Haemoproteus species were analysed and compared. Illustrated keys for identification of these parasite species were developed. Available information about the molecular characterization of Haemoproteus parasites was provided. Conclusion This review shows that 177 described species of avian Haemoproteus can be distinguished and identified in blood films using morphological characters of their gametocytes and host cells. These species were incorporated in the keys. Information about possible morphologically cryptic parasites was provided. Molecular markers are available for only 42% of the described Haemoproteus parasites, calling for researchers to fill this gap.

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“…Numerous studies addressed morphological and molecular characterization, distribution and genetic diversity of haemoproteids [ 14 – 20 ]. However, some bird groups remain insufficiently investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors

et al. 2018

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BackgroundBlood parasites of the genus Haemoproteus Kruse, 1890 are cosmopolitan, might be responsible for mortality in non-adapted birds, and often kill blood-sucking insects. However, this group remains insufficiently investigated in the wild. This is particularly true for the parasites of leaf warblers of the Phylloscopidae Alström, Ericson, Olsson & Sundberg the common small Old World passerine birds whose haemoproteid parasite diversity and vectors remain poorly studied. This study reports a new species of Haemoproteus parasitizing leaf warblers, its susceptible vector and peculiar phylogenetic relationships with other haemoproteids.MethodsWood warblers (Phylloscopus sibilatrix Bechstein) were caught in Lithuania during spring migration, and blood films were examined microscopically. Laboratory reared Culicoides nubeculosus Meigen were exposed experimentally by allowing them to take blood meals on one individual harbouring mature gametocytes of the new Haemoproteus species (lineage hPHSIB2). To follow sporogonic development, the engorged insects were dissected at intervals. The parasite lineage was distinguished using sequence data, and morphological analysis of blood and sporogonic stages was carried out. Bayesian phylogeny was constructed in order to determine the phylogenetic relationships of the new parasite with other haemoproteids.ResultsHaemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus) homopalloris n. sp. was common in wood warblers sampled after arrival to Europe from their wintering grounds in Africa. The new parasite belongs to a group of avian haemoproteid species with macrogametocytes possessing pale staining cytoplasm. All species of this group clustered together in the phylogenetic analysis, indicating that intensity of the cytoplasm staining is a valuable phylogenetic character. Laboratory-reared biting midges C. nubeculosus readily supported sporogony of new infections. Phylogenetic analysis corroborated vector experiments, placing the new parasite in the clade of Haemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus) parasites transmitted by biting midges.ConclusionsHaemoproteus homopalloris n. sp. is the third haemoproteid, which is described from and is prevalent in wood warblers. Phylogenetic analysis identified a clade containing seven haemoproteids, which are characterised by pale staining of the macrogametocyte cytoplasm and with ookinetes maturing exceptionally rapidly (between 1 to 1.5 h after exposure to air). Both these features may represent valuable phylogenetic characters. Studies targeting mechanisms of sporogonic development of haemoproteids remain uncommon and should be encouraged. Culicoides nubeculosus is an excellent experimental vector of the new parasite species.

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Haemoproteus paraortalidum n. sp. in captive Black-fronted Piping-guans Aburria jacutinga (Galliformes, Cracidae): High prevalence in a population reintroduced into the wild

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Haemosporidians from a Neglected Group of Terrestrial Wild Birds in the Peruvian Amazonia

Haemosporidians from a Neglected Group of Terrestrial Wild Birds in the Peruvian Amazonia

Keys to the avian Haemoproteus parasites (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae)

A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors

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