Haematogenous dissemination of tuberculous lymphadentitis

“…The presence of M. tuberculosis DNA correlated strongly to multiple lymph-node involvement [OR (odds ratio) = 96.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0–1,039] and to caseating-granulomatous and predominantly necrotic cytomorphological categories [OR = 70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.0–703]. Of the 52 enrolled patients, 30/52 (57.7%) were with FNAC diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis and positive PCR for M. tuberculosis complex [21], it is higher than the incidence of TB lymphadenitis as reported in the present study. A recent study from Sudan examined 222 patients suspected to have tuberculous lymphadenitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Tuberculosis and Amyloidosis among Sudanese Patients Presented with Enlarged Nodes

Eldour

Salih

Ahmed

2014

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Objectives. To determine the incidence of tuberculous lymphadenitis and amyloidosis in enlarged lymph nodes (LN). Methodology. A retrospective study was carried out in the department of pathology at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, during one-year period. The study included a group of 103 patients with lymphadenopathy. Results. Of the 103 cases with enlarged neck nodes, 35 (34%) had tuberculous lymphadenitis. Sixteen (46%) cases were males and 19 (54%) cases were females. Out of the 103 patients, amyloidosis was diagnosed in 9/103 (8.7%). Out of the 9 positive cases, 2/9 (22.2%) were males and 7/9 (77.8%) were females. Conclusion. There is high incidence of tuberculous lymphadenitis in patients with enlarged LN in developing countries like North Sudan. Amyloidosis should not be ignored when investigating enlarged LN.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2017

Bundesgesundheitsbl

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), the causative agent for tuberculosis (TB), is responsible for 1.5 million deaths and 9 million new cases of TB in 2013 [1]. Lack of highly specific and sensitive diagnostic tests, restricted vaccine efficacy, emergence of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, and HIV coinfection are the most important factors that result in poor global TB control [1]. It is estimated that, among individuals who are infected with M. tuberculosis, around 85-90% are able to control the infection but are unable to completely eradicate the bacillus from their bodies resulting in a latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) [2]. LTBI is defined by the presence of M. tuberculosis-specific immune response with the absence of radiological evidence of clinical disease and clinical signs or symptoms. Approximately one-third of the world's population has LTBI and, among the latently infected population, 5-10% will develop active TB due to reactivation and resuscitation of dormant bacilli [1]. This risk is further increased in immune-compromised individuals and people at the extremes of age. Latently infected individuals are the largest reservoir of potential future source of active TB [2]. In order to reduce the global incidence of TB cases, we urgently need an improved vaccine against M. tuberculosis infection. Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (M. bovis BCG), currently the only available vaccine against TB, induces variable protection in adults [3]. Immune correlates of protection are lacking, and analyses on cytokineproducing T-cell subsets in protected versus nonprotected cohorts have yielded inconsistent results [3]. This special issue encompasses findings from clinical and translational studies that will further enhance our understanding of the virulence mechanisms of M. tuberculosis, impaired host immune responses in individuals with active TB, pathogenesis of the disease, and strategies to enhance the innate and adaptive immune responses against M. tuberculosis infection.Within this special issue are studies that explore the use of BCG vaccines that have been modified in various ways to improve their efficacy. One study uses BCG-Pasteur and BCG-China with DNA vaccine priming and boosting. The vaccine contains coding regions for antigens present within the RD-14 region absent in BCG-Pasteur. In a separate study, BCG was made as a recombinant strain with overexpression of a chimeric protein based on previously studied immunizing antigens. This chimeric antigen is controlled by the iron regulator FurA which regulates gene activity during in vivo growth. In another investigation BCG was constructed which overexpresses the cytokine IL-18. When dendritic cells were infected with this recombinant strain, these cells had altered responses and some immune functions were increased, such as improved cytokine production. An alternative approach to vaccination against TB infection is to create mutant M. tuberculosis strains that are attenuated but can still stimula...

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Haematogenous dissemination of tuberculous lymphadentitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Cervical lymphadenopathy: scrofula revisited

Cervical lymphadenopathy: scrofula revisited

Incidence of Tuberculosis and Amyloidosis among Sudanese Patients Presented with Enlarged Nodes

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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