Habituation, Efference and Vestibular Interplay I.:Monaural Caloric Habituation

Interpretation and use of caloric testing

“…Repeated irrigation of the same ear with the same caloric stimulus results in a gradual decrease of the caloric response, leading to vestibular habituation. 48 …”

Treatment of vertigo based on habituation

“…obtained by repeating the same stimulus. The habituation effect is specifically linked to the 'habituating' stimulus and to its type, intensity and direction (Fluur and Mendel, 1962;Hood and Pfaltz, 1954;Lidvall, 1960). For example, calorically-induced habituation is not transferred to the results of the rotation tests, and when nystagmus to the right has been elicited in an habituation trial, nystagmus to the left remains unchanged when elicited subsequently (Fluur and Mendel, 1962;Lidvall, 1960).…”

“…The habituation effect is specifically linked to the 'habituating' stimulus and to its type, intensity and direction (Fluur and Mendel, 1962;Hood and Pfaltz, 1954;Lidvall, 1960). For example, calorically-induced habituation is not transferred to the results of the rotation tests, and when nystagmus to the right has been elicited in an habituation trial, nystagmus to the left remains unchanged when elicited subsequently (Fluur and Mendel, 1962;Lidvall, 1960). In contradistinction to adaptation occurring during the persistence of a stimulus, which expresses some kind of fatigue (sensory adaptation), habituation is the result of repeated stimuli, applied even after a great interval (Monnier, Belin and Pole, 1970).…”

‘‘Pendular Eye Movements” as a Respiratory Artefact

“…These have been reported by a num ber of authors (Aschan, liergstedt and Stable, 1956;Hamersma, 1957;Lange and Karnhuber, 1962;Eriksson and Elmir, 1961;Fluur and Eriksson, 1961;Fluur and Mendel, 1962;Jongkees and Philipszoon, 1964), and have generally been regarded as an expression of drowsiness. Several observations have supported the view that drowsiness may be responsible for these pendular eye movements.…”