Habitat re-creation strategies for promoting adaptation of species to climate change

Hodgson, Jenny A.; Thomas, Chris D.; Cinderby, Steve; Cambridge, Howard; Evans, Paul M.; Hill, Jane K.

doi:10.1111/j.1755-263x.2011.00177.x

Cited by 59 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…With careful design though (see Optimal scenario), additional habitat in multifunctional landscapes can indeed strengthen ecological networks, incorporating requirements for both the spatial conditions, habitat density and connectivity, and abiotic conditions (locations with high ground water levels).While it can be expected that different adaptation strategies are optimal for either the facilitation of range shifts, or the facilitation of species viability (e.g. Hodgson et al 2011), our findings are in line with Hodgson et al (2012), who found that when habitat has a channelled pattern (as in scenario Optimal, this study), it is possible to achieve both rapid advance and relatively high patch occupancy, for a large array of species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is green infrastructure an effective climate adaptation strategy for conserving biodiversity? A case study with the great crested newt

et al. 2015

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Context Increasing the amount of green infrastructure, defined as small-scale natural landscape elements, has been named as a climate adaptation measure for biodiversity. While green infrastructure strengthened ecological networks in some studies, it is not known whether this effect also holds under climate change, and how it compares to other landscape adaptation options. ObjectivesWe assessed landscape adaptation options under scenarios of climate change for a dispersallimited and climate-sensitive species: great crested newt, Triturus cristatus. Methods A spatially-explicit modelling framework was used to simulate newt metapopulation dynamics in a case study area in the Netherlands, under alternative spatial configurations of 500 ha to-berestored habitat. The framework incorporated weather-related effects on newt recruitment, following current and changing climate conditions. Results Mild climate change resulted in slightly higher metapopulation viability, while more severe climate change (i.e. more frequent mild winters and summer droughts) had detrimental effects on metapopulation viability. The modelling framework revealed interactions between climate and landscape configuration on newt viability. Restoration of ponds and terrestrial habitat may reduce the negative effects of climate change, but only when certain spatial requirements (habitat density, connectivity) as well as abiotic requirements (high ground water level) are met. Conclusions Landscape scenarios where habitat was added in the form of green infrastructure were not able to meet these multiple conditions, as was the case for a scenario that enlarged core areas. The approach allowed a deduction of landscape design rules that incorporated both spatial and abiotic requirements resulting in more effective climate adaptation options.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is green infrastructure an effective climate adaptation strategy for conserving biodiversity? A case study with the great crested newt

et al. 2015

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“…Hodgson et al (2011b), on the other hand, found that their "random" (new habitat added to cells chosen at random) and "even" (new habitat added to cells with lowest connectivity) strategies gave the most consistent increases in range expansion speed, and that "aggregation" was the least effective at facilitating range expansion. Whilst these findings are in stark contrast to…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modelling framework presented here, in contrast to many studies (although note: (Hodgson et al, 2011b)), is applied to a real landscape and aims to represent climate change adaptation strategies at achievable scales (both in terms of total area prescribed for adaptation action and the size distribution of individual actions). Multiple species are separately modelled, with realistic traits and the incorporation of population dynamics and dispersal behaviour, but without considering biotic interactions.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important consideration is for studies to broaden the representation of species, since reserve design focussed on a single species is unlikely to provide community-wide benefits (Carroll et al, 2010;Moilanen et al, 2005). Hodgson et al, (2011b) studied the effects of climate change adaptation strategies on the range shifting of a selection of species types in a real landscape, using a modified version of the Incidence Function metapopulation model (Hanski, 1994). Further studies are required, using more detailed models of dispersal and population dynamics, to test these and other possible climate change adaptation strategies on a range of species in real landscapes.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multi-species modelling approach to examine the impact of alternative climate change adaptation strategies on range shifting ability in a fragmented landscape

Synes

Watts

Palmer

et al. 2015

Ecological Informatics

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A multispecies modelling approach to examine the impact of alternative climate change adaptation strategies on range shifting ability in a fragmented landscape, Ecological Informatics (2015), doi: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2015.06.004 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractAn individual-based model of animal dispersal and population dynamics was used to test the effects of different climate change adaptation strategies on species range shifting ability, namely the improvement of existing habitat, restoration of low quality habitat and creation of new habitat. These strategies were implemented on a landscape typical of fragmentation in the United Kingdom using spatial rules to differentiate between the allocation of strategies adjacent to or away from existing habitat patches. The total area being managed in the landscape was set at realistic levels based on recent habitat management trends.Eight species were parameterised to broadly represent different stage structure, population densities and modes of dispersal. Simulations were initialised with the species occupying 20% of the landscape and run for 100 years. As would be expected for a range of real taxa, range shifting abilities were dramatically different. This translated into large differences in their responses to the adaptation strategies. With conservative (0.5%) estimates of the area prescribed for climate change adaptation, few species display noticeable improvements in their range shifting, demonstrating the need for greater investment in future adaptation.With a larger (1%) prescribed area, greater range shifting improvements were found, although results were still species-specific. It was found that increasing the size of small existing habitat patches was the best way to promote range shifting, and that the creation of new stepping stone features, whilst beneficial to some species, did not have such broad effect across different species.

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“…The main appeal for larger sites within modern-day landscape-scale conservation, however, is the capacity to enhance range shift. Large source populations in reserves enhance colonization of surrounding habitat, supporting metapopulation persistence in highly fragmented landscapes (Wilson et al 2002;Lawson et al 2012), thus facilitate range shifts in the face of climate change (Hodgson et al 2011b). Moreover, large sites have been advocated for their ability to support greater species richness (e.g.…”

Section: Space For Naturementioning

confidence: 99%

Old concepts, new challenges: adapting landscape-scale conservation to the twenty-first century

2016

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Landscape-scale approaches to conservation stem largely from the classic ideas of reserve design: encouraging bigger and more sites, enhancing connectivity among sites, and improving habitat quality. Trade-offs are imposed between these four strategies by the limited resources and opportunities available for conservation programmes, including the establishment and management of protected areas, and wildlife-friendly farming and forestry. Although debate regarding trade-offs between the size, number, connectivity and quality of protected areas was prevalent in the 1970-1990s, the implications of the same trade-offs for ongoing conservation responses to threats from accelerating environmental change have rarely been addressed. Here, we reassess the implications of reserve design theory for landscape-scale conservation, and present a blueprint to help practitioners to prioritise among the four strategies. We consider the new perspectives placed on landscape-scale conservation programmes by twenty-first century pressures including climate change, invasive species and the need to marry food security with biodiversity conservation. A framework of the situations under which available theory and evidence recommend that each of the four strategies be prioritized is provided, seeking to increase the clarity required for urgent conservation decision-making.

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Habitat re-creation strategies for promoting adaptation of species to climate change

Cited by 59 publications

References 38 publications

Is green infrastructure an effective climate adaptation strategy for conserving biodiversity? A case study with the great crested newt

Is green infrastructure an effective climate adaptation strategy for conserving biodiversity? A case study with the great crested newt

A multi-species modelling approach to examine the impact of alternative climate change adaptation strategies on range shifting ability in a fragmented landscape

Old concepts, new challenges: adapting landscape-scale conservation to the twenty-first century

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