H2 production of Rhodospirillum rubrum during adaptation to anaerobic dark conditions

Voelskow, H.; Schön, G.

doi:10.1007/bf00446884

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In summary, we have demonstrated that R. rubrum cells grow in the dark fermnentatively on fructose and are capable of supporting themselves by nitrogen fixation under these conditions. Along with the observations of Voelskow and Schon (17), who demonstrated H2 evolution from nitrogenase in pyruvate-fermenting R. rubrum cells, and Madigan et al (9), who showed that Rhodopseudomonas capsulata cells can grow anaerobically in the dark on N2 supported by a fructose-dimethyl sulfoxide coupled metabolism, the data reported here indicate that nitrogenase in fermenting cells is functional in the dark and is therefore apparently unlike that of cells grown in the light, where Fe protein was inactivated by the covalent modification mechanism when placed in the dark (6). It is possible that the Fe protein inactivating enzyme (which has yet to be demonstrated in vitro) is itself regulated by either the redox environment or high-energy molecules such as ATP.…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

Regulation of nitrogen fixation in Rhodospirillum rubrum grown under dark, fermentative conditions

Schultz¹,

Gotto²,

Weaver³

et al. 1985

J Bacteriol

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Rhodospirillum rubrum was shown to grow fermentatively on fructose with N2 as a nitrogen source. The nitrogenase activity of these cells was regulated by the ¶I4+ switch-off/switch-on mechanism in a manner identical to that for photosynthetically grown cells. In vitro, the inactive nitrogenase Fe protein from fermenting cells was reactivated by an endogenous membrane-bound, Mn2+-dependent activating enzyme that was interchangeable with the activating enzyme isolated from photosynthetic membranes.

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supporting

confidence: 62%

Regulation of nitrogen fixation in Rhodospirillum rubrum grown under dark, fermentative conditions

Schultz¹,

Gotto²,

Weaver³

et al. 1985

J Bacteriol

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“…sphaeroides in being able to carry out classical fermentative metabolism (although see [100]) by a mechanism involving pyruvate:formate lyase, which is inhibited by sodium hypophosphite [113]. Acetate, formate, H 2 and CO 2 appear to be the main fermentation products [114], although propionate, butyrate and succinate have also been detected [100,115]. There appears to be some interstrain variation, since strains S1 and Ha failed to produce acetate, and strain Ha failed to metabolize formate to H 2 and CO 2 [116].…”

Section: Fermentatite Carbon Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical genetics revisited: the use of mutants to study carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the photosynthetic bacteria

Willison¹

1993

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The biochemical genetics approach is defined as the use of mutants, in comparative studies with the wild‐type, to obtain information about biochemical and physiological processes in complex metabolic systems. This approach has been used extensively, for example in studies on the bioenergetics of the photosynthetic bacteria, but has been applied less frequently to studies of intermediary carbon and nitrogen metabolism in phototrophic organisms. Several important processes in photosynthetic bacteria—the regulation of nitrogenase synthesis and activity, the control of intracellular redox balance during photoheterotrophic growth, and chemotaxis—have been shown to involve metabolism. However, current understanding of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in these organisms is insufficient to allow a complete understanding of these phenomena. The purpose of the present review is to give an overview of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the photosynthetic bacteria, with particular emphasis on work carried out with mutants, and to indicate areas in which the biochemical genetics approach could be applied successfully. In particular, it will be argued that, in the case of Rhodobacter capsulatus and Rb. sphaeroides, two species which are fast‐growing, possess a versatile metabolism, and have been extensively studied genetically, it should be possible to obtain a complete, integrated description of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and to undertake a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the flow of carbon and reducing equivalents during photoheterotrophic growth. This would require a systematic biochemical genetic study employing techniques such as HPLC, NMR, and mass spectrometry, which are briefly discussed. The review is concerned mainly with Rb. capsulatus and Rb. sphaeroides, since most studies with mutants have been carried out with these organisms. However, where possible, a comparison is made with other species of purple non‐sulphur bacteria and with purple and green sulphur bacteria, and recent literature relevant to these organisms has been cited.

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“…Several studies have focused on increasing the efficiency of H 2 production by optimization of growth conditions [5–9], co-culture cultivations [10–12], genetic engineering on H 2 -producing or uptake enzymes [13–16] and the alteration of other regulatory mechanisms [17]. Rhodospirillum rubrum is one of the best model strains for the study of H 2 production, since it has several pathways to produce H 2 , including nitrogenase [18], CO-induced Ni-Fe hydrogenase [19–21], pyruvate-formate hydrogenase [22–24] and other hydrogenases [25]. In R. rubrum , nitrogenase is the main route for H 2 production under photosynthetic and nitrogen-limiting conditions and it can efficiently produce nearly pure H 2 gas (>85% H 2 content) without O 2 as a byproduct [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of Rubisco alters the regulation of nitrogenase activity and increases hydrogen production in Rhodospirillum rubrum

Wang

Zhang

Welch

et al. 2010

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Nitrogenase not only reduces atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, but also reduces protons to hydrogen (H 2 ). The nitrogenase system is the primary means of H 2 production under photosynthetic and nitrogen-limiting conditions in many photosynthetic bacteria, including Rhodospirillum rubrum. The efficiency of this biological H 2 production largely depends on the nitrogenase enzyme and the availability of ATP and electrons in the cell. Previous studies showed that blockage of the CO 2 fixation pathway in R. rubrum induced nitrogenase activity even in the presence of ammonium, presumably to remove excess reductant in the cell. We report here the recharacterization of cbbM mutants in R. rubrum to study the effect of Rubisco on H 2 production. Our newly constructed cbbM mutants grew poorly in malate medium under anaerobic conditions. However, the introduction of constitutively active NifA (NifA*), the transcriptional activator of the nitrogen fixation (nif) genes, allows cbbM mutants to dissipate the excess reductant through the nitrogenase system and improves their growth. Interestingly, we found that the deletion of cbbM alters the posttranslational regulation of nitrogenase activity, resulting in partially active nitrogenase in the presence of ammonium. The combination of mutations in nifA, draT and cbbM greatly increased H 2 production of R. rubrum, especially in the presence of excess of ammonium. Furthermore, these mutants are able to produce H 2 over a much longer time frame than the wild type, increasing the potential of these recombinant strains for the biological production of H 2 .

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H2 production of Rhodospirillum rubrum during adaptation to anaerobic dark conditions

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Regulation of nitrogen fixation in Rhodospirillum rubrum grown under dark, fermentative conditions

Regulation of nitrogen fixation in Rhodospirillum rubrum grown under dark, fermentative conditions

Biochemical genetics revisited: the use of mutants to study carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the photosynthetic bacteria

Elimination of Rubisco alters the regulation of nitrogenase activity and increases hydrogen production in Rhodospirillum rubrum

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