Gut Microbiota Modulation: Implications for Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship

Tan, Glorijoy Shi En; Tay, Hui Lin; Tan, Si Hui; Lee, Tau Hong; Ng, Tat Ming; Lye, David C.

doi:10.1007/s12325-020-01458-z

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The use of PTZ was profoundly associated with OS. PTZ has a significant effect on the gut microbiota, and some studies indicate a substantial decrease in anaerobic commensals four to eight days after using it [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Specifically, PTZ reduces the population profile of Bifidobacterium , Eubacterium and Lactobacillus in human gut microbiota [ 26 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Regimen Affects Survival in Patients Receiving Nivolumab for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

et al. 2021

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Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis may affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We investigated the impact of antibiotics on the clinical outcomes of nivolumab in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients who received nivolumab for NSCLC between July 2015 and June 2018 and who were followed up until June 2020 were included in a retrospective cohort analysis. Of 140 eligible patients, 70 were on antibiotics. Overall survival (OS) was shorter in patients on antibiotics (ABX) compared to those not on antibiotics (NoABX) (p = 0.014). OS was negatively associated with piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) (HR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.77–6.18), days of therapy (DOT) ≥ 2 weeks (HR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.30–5.22) and DOT of PTZ. The defined daily dose (DDD) in PTZ (r = 0.27) and glycopeptides (r = 0.21) showed weak correlations with mortality. There was no difference in progression-free survival (PFS) between ABX and NoABX; however, PFS was negatively associated with the antibiotic class PTZ and DOT of PTZ. Therefore, the use of a broad-spectrum antibiotic, such as PTZ, the long-term use of antibiotics more than 2 weeks in total and the large amount of defined daily dose of specific antibiotics were associated with decreased survival in patients receiving nivolumab for NSCLC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Regimen Affects Survival in Patients Receiving Nivolumab for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

et al. 2021

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“…The use of probiotics not just as supplements but as actual treatment strategies for various diseases has now become more prevalent and the current focus of attention in the scientific and medical communities. The multidimensional effects of probiotics are currently being evaluated in many fields of medicine that include infectious diseases (Anwar et al, 2020;d'Ettorre et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2020;Tan et al, 2020), the immune system (Gill et al, 2000;Dargahi et al, 2020), chronic diseases such as cancer (Haghshenas et al, 2014;Nami et al, 2015), cardiovascular (Ettinger et al, 2014;Gómez-Guzmán et al, 2015;Daliri et al, 2017), neurodegenerative (Westfall et al, 2017), inflammatory diseases (Plaza-Díaz et al, 2017), and diabetes (Kocsis et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Novel Probiotic Lactobacillus and Enterococcus Strains From Human Salivary and Fecal Sources

et al. 2020

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Probiotics are non-pathogenic microorganisms that can interact with the gastrointestinal microbiota. They have numerous beneficial health effects that include enhancement of the host immune response, antiallergic, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Probiotics are capable of restoring the impaired microbiome of a dysbiotic gut. They can be isolated from different environments. However, it is frequently suggested that probiotics for human use should come from human sources. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize novel probiotic strains from the saliva and feces of healthy human individuals. To meet the criteria for probiotic attributes, the isolates were subjected to numerous standard morphological and biochemical tests. These tests included Gram staining, catalase tests, antibiotic susceptibility testing, hemolytic and antagonistic evaluation, tolerance tests involving temperature, NaCl levels, pH and bile salts, adherence ability assays, and genotypic characterization involving 16S rRNA gene sequencing. From 26 saliva and 11 stool samples, 185 microbial strains were isolated. Based on morphological and biochemical characteristics, 14 potential probiotic candidates were selected and identified genotypically. The new strains belonged to Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus hire. The selected strains were non-hemolytic, showed high tolerance to low pH and bile salts, and strong adherence abilities. Furthermore, the strains displayed a wide range of antimicrobial activities, particularly against antibiotic-resistant pathogens such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Moreover, five of the selected isolates demonstrated antiproliferative features against human colon cancer cell line (Caco-2). The results of this investigation confirm the diversity of microbial populations in the human gut and saliva, and since these strains are of human origin, they will highly likely display maximal activities in food and drugs set for human use. Hence, the new strains of this study require additional in vivo experiments to assess their health-promoting effects.

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“…Therefore, different strategies based on the modulation of the composition of the intestinal microbiota to combat antimicrobial resistance has been explored [ 79 ]. This modulation is performed mainly through the administration of prebiotics; probiotics; and, more recently, fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Microbiota In Host Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Application of Combined Therapy with Lectins as a Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections

2021

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Antibiotic monotherapy may become obsolete mainly due to the continuous emergence of resistance to available antimicrobials, which represents a major uncertainty to human health. Taking into account that natural products have been an inexhaustible source of new compounds with clinical application, lectins are certainly one of the most versatile groups of proteins used in biological processes, emerging as a promising alternative for therapy. The ability of lectins to recognize carbohydrates present on the cell surface allowed for the discovery of a wide range of activities. Currently the number of antimicrobials in research and development does not match the rate at which resistance mechanisms emerge to an effective antibiotic monotherapy. A promising therapeutic alternative is the combined therapy of antibiotics with lectins to enhance its spectrum of action, minimize adverse effects, and reduce resistance to treatments. Thus, this review provides an update on the experimental application of antibiotic therapies based on the synergic combination with lectins to treat infections specifically caused by multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We also briefly discuss current strategies involving the modulation of the gut microbiota, its implications for antimicrobial resistance, and highlight the potential of lectins to modulate the host immune response against oxidative stress.

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Gut Microbiota Modulation: Implications for Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship

Cited by 18 publications

References 104 publications

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Regimen Affects Survival in Patients Receiving Nivolumab for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Regimen Affects Survival in Patients Receiving Nivolumab for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Isolation of Novel Probiotic Lactobacillus and Enterococcus Strains From Human Salivary and Fecal Sources

Potential Application of Combined Therapy with Lectins as a Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Bacterial Infections

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