Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer

Gagnière, Johan; Raisch, Jennifer; Véziant, Julie; Barnich, Nicolas; Bonnet, Richard; Buc, Emmanuel; Bringer, Marie-Agnès; Pezet, Denis; Bonnet, Mathilde

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i2.501

Cited by 628 publications

(563 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…The Firmicutes:Bacteriodetes ( F:B ) ratio is frequently reported in cohort studies investigating the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and CRC 7. However, neither capsule nor drink intake was associated with statistically significant changes in the F:B ratio (see online supplementary figure 6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised trial of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements on the human intestinal microbiota

Watson

Mitra

Croden

et al. 2017

Gut

374

238

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ObjectiveOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have anticolorectal cancer (CRC) activity. The intestinal microbiota has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Dietary omega-3 PUFAs alter the mouse intestinal microbiome compatible with antineoplastic activity. Therefore, we investigated the effect of omega-3 PUFA supplements on the faecal microbiome in middle-aged, healthy volunteers (n=22).DesignA randomised, open-label, cross-over trial of 8 weeks’ treatment with 4 g mixed eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid in two formulations (soft-gel capsules and Smartfish drinks), separated by a 12-week ‘washout’ period. Faecal samples were collected at five time-points for microbiome analysis by 16S ribosomal RNA PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid analysis was performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsBoth omega-3 PUFA formulations induced similar changes in RBC fatty acid content, except that drinks were associated with a larger, and more prolonged, decrease in omega-6 PUFA arachidonic acid than the capsule intervention (p=0.02). There were no significant changes in α or β diversity, or phyla composition, associated with omega-3 PUFA supplementation. However, a reversible increased abundance of several genera, including Bifidobacterium, Roseburia and Lactobacillus was observed with one or both omega-3 PUFA interventions. Microbiome changes did not correlate with RBC omega-3 PUFA incorporation or development of omega-3 PUFA-induced diarrhoea. There were no treatment order effects.ConclusionOmega-3 PUFA supplementation induces a reversible increase in several short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, independently of the method of administration. There is no simple relationship between the intestinal microbiome and systemic omega-3 PUFA exposure.Trial registration numberISRCTN18662143.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomised trial of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements on the human intestinal microbiota

Watson

Mitra

Croden

et al. 2017

Gut

374

238

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gut microbiota can influence the normal develop ment and function of the mucosal immune system, such as modification of T-cell repertoires and T-helper cell cytokine profiles (24)(25)(26). Intestinal epithelial cells maintain a moderate immune response against, or tolerance for, non-pathogenic bacteria via Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize particular molecular motifs of the pathogens (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal carcinoma masked by systemic inflammatory response syndrome: A case report

Wei

Choudhary

et al. 2017

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. The present study described the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (Changsha, China) with progressive abdominal pain, distention and diarrhea. These symptoms were diagnosed as the initial manifestations of systemic inflammatory response syndrome associated with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The presentation appeared as a common emergency medical case, which was eventually recognized as a CRC masked by this emergency symptom. This case highlights the fact that a correct diagnosis can be made by looking through the outward appearance to perceive the essence of the condition. Therefore, vigilant surveillance is of utmost importance in order to expedite prompt recognition and rapid management of this presentation of CRC. IntroductionColorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in humans globally (1,2). In the United States, a report revealed that CRC incidence rates were lowest among Asian/Pacific residents, and highest in Alaska natives. CRC-induced mortality decreased by 34% in individuals aged ≥50 between 2000 and 2014, but increased by 13% among those aged <50 (3). Patients with CRC present with multiple symptoms that are commonly associated with the disease, including abdominal pain, fatigue (4), obstruction, perforation and bleeding (5). The medical literature associated with emergencies in patients with CRC is dominated by reports of obstruction, perforation, overt bleeding (6), and systemic inflammatory response subsequent to curative resection of CRC (7). To the best of our knowledge, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) has not been previously reported as the primary indication of CRC or other diseases. SIRS is the result of occult infection or sterile inflammation (8), and is characterized by multi-organ failure and increased mortality (9,10). A prompt diagnosis of underlying disease is necessary for early intervention and appropriate treatment. SIRS is associated with poor prognosis in patients with CRC (11,12). The present study described a patient with CRC that presented with SIRS as the early clinical indication without a history of chronic diseases. Case reportA 68-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department of Changsha Central Hospital (Changsha, China) with worsening symptoms of abdominal pain late in the evening of June 1, 2015. These symptoms were accompanied by an urge to defecate 4 times/day, severe abdominal distention and vomiting, and a low-grade fever with a body temperature not exceeding 37.9˚C (normal range, 36-37˚C). Abdominal radiographs were performed to ascertain the cause of the symptoms (Fig. 1A). The patient was diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis and admitted to the hospital for the administration of 80 mg phloroglucinol intramuscularly. However, the symptoms were found to be exacerbated even after treatment. Bloody diarrhea was reported four times a day, and the urine volume decreased to a maximum of 100 ml in a 24 h period (normal range, 1,000-2,000 ml in a 24...

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“…Стро-гие анаэробы, включая Bacteroides, Eubacterium, Bifidobacterium, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus и Atopobium, составляют основную, а факультативные анаэробы, такие как Lactobacilli, Enterococci, Streptococci и Enterobacteriaceae, -меньшую (примерно в 1000 раз) часть микробиоты толстого кишечника. В тонком кишечнике на долю Bacteroidetes и Actinobacteria при-ходится лишь 50 % от общего числа видов, заселяю-щих кишечник [11].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Microbiota, Immune System and Colorectal Cancer

Харченко¹,

Соловьев²

2018

Onkol. koloproktol.

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Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer

Cited by 628 publications

References 214 publications

A randomised trial of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements on the human intestinal microbiota

A randomised trial of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements on the human intestinal microbiota

Colorectal carcinoma masked by systemic inflammatory response syndrome: A case report

Microbiota, Immune System and Colorectal Cancer

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