Gut microbiota axis: potential target of phytochemicals from plant-based foods

Shi, Ruyu; Huang, Congying; Yuan, Gao; Li, Xing; Zhang, Chunhong; Li, Min-Hui

doi:10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.001

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 228 publications

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“…By colonizing the mucosal interface, commensal bacteria form a natural barrier to invading potential pathogens. Communication between microbes and the immune system, either via metabolites (SCFAs) or direct presence, is core to maintaining immune homeostasis; otherwise, chronic intestinal inflammation or even further lesions would likely occur ( 24 ). In addition, the recovery of some bacteria commonly related to IBD amelioration was observed and vice versa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallic acid ameliorates colitis by trapping deleterious metabolite ammonia and improving gut microbiota dysbiosis

Peng,

Liu,

Meng

et al. 2024

mBio

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Gut microbiota dysbiosis is causally related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and increased levels of the gut metabolite ammonia have been proposed to contribute to IBD development. In this study, we aimed to clarify the anti-colitis mechanism of gallic acid (GA) based on its ability to trap the deleterious metabolite ammonia and improve gut microbiota. Aminated product was detected in the fecal samples of mice after oral gavage of gallic acid (GA) and identified as 4-amino-substituted gallic acid (4-NH 2 -GA), thus confirming the ability of GA to trap ammonia in vivo . Then, we compared the beneficial effects of GA and 4-NH 2 -GA on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse and found that both compounds managed to alleviate colitis phenotypes, indicating ammonia trapping had no adverse effect on the original anti-colitis activity of GA. In addition, both GA and 4-NH 2 -GA improved the gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by DSS, and fecal microbiota transplantation was subsequently performed, which further revealed that the gut microbiota mediated the anti-colitis activity of both GA and 4-NH 2 -GA. In summary, this study clarified that GA alleviated colitis by targeting both the symptoms and root causes: it directly reduced the deleterious metabolite ammonia by forming aminated metabolites without compromising the original anti-colitis activity, and it also improved gut microbiota dysbiosis, which in turn contributed to the alleviation of colitis. Since the GA structure is presented in various polyphenols as a common building block, the novel anti-colitis mechanism obtained from GA may also apply to other complex polyphenols. IMPORTANCE The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its metabolism directly cause the emergence of IBD. In this study, we aimed to clarify the anti-colitis mechanism of GA in sight of gut microbiota and its metabolite ammonia. We discovered that GA directly captured and reduced the harmful metabolite ammonia in vivo to produce the aminated metabolite 4-NH2-GA, while the amination of GA had no adverse effect on its initial anti-colitis activity. In addition, both GA and its aminated metabolite improved the gut microbiota in colitis mice, and the modified gut microbiota, in turn, helped to relieve colitis. Since the GA structure is presented in diverse polyphenols as a common building block, the novel anti-colitis mechanism targeting the symptoms and root causes might also apply to other complex polyphenols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallic acid ameliorates colitis by trapping deleterious metabolite ammonia and improving gut microbiota dysbiosis

Peng,

Liu,

Meng

et al. 2024

mBio

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“…The majority of experimental studies on lung disorders has only discussed how the gut microbiota contributes to the development of lung disorders. Longitudinal studies are required to correlate the severity of chronic lung diseases with changes in the gut microbiome ( Shi et al, 2023 ). DON has been demonstrated to have a distinct cytotoxic effect on human primary cells.…”

Section: Gut-lung Axis and Mycotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut-kidney axis (GKA) is linked with a diversity of kidney diseases, such as kidney stones ( Ticinesi et al, 2019 ), chronic kidney disease ( Ramezani et al, 2016 ), and diabetes ( Sircana et al, 2019 ). The intestinal microflora will change when the alterations in renal function result in excessive ammonia in blood and increased intestinal pH ( Shi et al, 2023 ). These alterations motivate the intestine to reduce mucus manufacture ( Vaziri et al, 2012 ), destructive the intestinal epithelium ( Hobby et al, 2019 ), disturbing the integrity of the intestinal barrier ( Plata et al, 2019 ), changing intestinal permeability ( Meijers et al, 2018 ), and permitting the microflora to be transported to the systemic circulation through the blood to act on the kidneys ( Shi et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Gut-kidney Axis and Mycotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural products for Gut-X axis: pharmacology, toxicology and microbiology in mycotoxin-caused diseases

Li,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract is integral to defending against external contaminants, featuring a complex array of immunological, physical, chemical, and microbial barriers. Mycotoxins, which are toxic metabolites from fungi, are pervasive in both animal feed and human food, presenting substantial health risks.Methods: This review examines the pharmacological, toxicological, and microbiological impacts of natural products on mycotoxicosis, with a particular focus on the gut-x axis. The analysis synthesizes current understanding and explores the role of natural products rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins. Results: The review highlights that mycotoxins can disrupt intestinal integrity, alter inflammatory responses, damage the mucus layer, and disturb the bacterial balance. The toxins' effects are extensive, potentially harming the immune system, liver, kidneys, and skin, and are associated with serious conditions such as cancer, hormonal changes, genetic mutations, bleeding, birth defects, and neurological issues. Natural products have shown potential anticancer, anti-tumor, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitoxic properties.Discussion: The review underscores the emerging therapeutic strategy of targeting gut microbial modulation. It identifies knowledge gaps and suggests future research directions to deepen our understanding of natural products' role in gut-x axis health and to mitigate the global health impact of mycotoxin-induced diseases.

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“…Despite the characterization and quantification of pools of biological molecules, through modern application of omics approaches, disclosing a comprehensive range of metabolites in several tissues, the gut microbiota composition is very complex and, presently, it is unimaginable to determine or measure all metabolites present in a biological specimen (Dekkers et al, 2022;Shi et al, 2023). Nevertheless, based on data from combined multiple omics, it is now feasible to observe and characterize the peculiar and exceedingly dynamic metabolic pathways that take place in the human gut wall and lumen (Tsiantas et al, 2022).…”

Section: The Interlink Genotype-food Composition-microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The imprecision of micronutrient requirement values: the example of vitamin D

Fernandes,

Bell

2023

Journal of Food Science

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Food, not nutrients, is the fundamental unit in nutrition. Nutrient requirement values and recommended daily intakes have long been determined and organized in tables by several regulators. These figures, however, overlook the complexity of mixing different foods in a diet and the mediation by human gut microbiota on digestion, metabolism, and health. The microbiome molecular mechanisms and its potential influence on nutrient requirements are far from clear. Guidelines should depend on the sort of intake, along with the dietary habits, rather than focusing on single nutrients. Despite many decades of attempts to investigate the proximate nutrient composition of foods consumed by different world populations, there are still neither standardization of food composition databases nor harmonized dietary intake methods of assessment of nutrients. No all‐inclusive attempt was yet made to emphasize the requirements of the various micronutrients, phytonutrients, and non‐nutrients on gut microbiota and vice versa, and thereafter reflected into dietary guidelines. New multifaceted methods have been advanced to reevaluate the way nutrients and nutrient requirements are assessed within the intricate biological systems. Our main goal here was to enhance the fact that existing food guidelines hold inherent strengths and limitations but fail, in many aspects, namely, in not taking into account essential geographical, ethnic and cultural differences, and the different stages of life, infant nutrition, and the microbiota impact on several micronutrient requirements. Vitamin D is given as an illustration on present inaccuracy of its requirements. Defining dietary reference intakes is therefore an ongoing process specific for each population.

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Gut microbiota axis: potential target of phytochemicals from plant-based foods

Cited by 10 publications

References 228 publications

Gallic acid ameliorates colitis by trapping deleterious metabolite ammonia and improving gut microbiota dysbiosis

Gallic acid ameliorates colitis by trapping deleterious metabolite ammonia and improving gut microbiota dysbiosis

Natural products for Gut-X axis: pharmacology, toxicology and microbiology in mycotoxin-caused diseases

The imprecision of micronutrient requirement values: the example of vitamin D

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