Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Diseases: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Perspective

Burcelin, Rémy; Courtney, Michael J.; Amar, Jacques

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6539-2_11

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 237 publications

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“…An increasing number of studies confirms that the quality of the gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of chronic liver disease ( Qin et al, 2010 ; Minemura and Shimizu, 2015 ; Xu et al, 2020 ). In fact, the occurrences of many diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular diseases, are known to be related to disorders of the gut microbiome ( Vijay-Kumar et al, 2010 ; Qin et al, 2012 ; Burcelin et al, 2015 ; Wang X. K. et al, 2017 ; Wu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the Gut Microbiota of Tibetan Patients With Echinococcosis

Cao

Pang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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There are two main types of echinococcosis, namely alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE). They are zoonotic parasitic diseases caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus. In order to explore the gut microbiome composition of patients with echinococcosis, we analyzed fecal samples of seven patients with AE, six patients with CE, and 13 healthy individuals from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Using metagenomic next-generation sequencing, we identified fecal bacteria in the patients with AE and CE. The gut microbiota was analyzed by next-generation metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) to compare patients with either AE or CE against healthy individuals. We found there were some differences between them in abundant bacteria. Our results led to five findings: (1) Between patients with echinococcosis and healthy individuals, the differential bacteria were from four phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria. (2) Rothia mucilaginosa, Veillonella dispar, Veillonella atypica, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Alistipes finegoldii were abundant in the feces of patients with AE. (3) Bacteroides dorei, Parabacteroides distasonis, Escherichia sp_E4742, and Methanobrevibacter smithii were abundant in the feces of the patients with CE. (4) At the phylum and class level, compared to the AE group, the healthy group was characterized by higher numbers of Actinobacteria. (5) At the family level, Lachnospiraceae and Eubacteriaceae were more abundant in the feces of healthy individuals than in AE patients. The genera Coprococcus, Eubacterium, and Bilophia were more abundant in the healthy group, while the genus Rothia was more abundant in the AE group. The results of this study enrich our understanding of the gut microbiome composition of patients with AE and CE in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the Gut Microbiota of Tibetan Patients With Echinococcosis

Cao

Pang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The hypothesis that obesity could be controlled by guiding the composition and function of GM holds much potential for therapeutic interventions (Burcelin et al, 2015 ; Wang et al, 2015 ). For example, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is capable of degrading dietary polysaccharides and fermenting fructans to acetate that promotes adipogenesis in mice (Conterno et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Obesity Can Be Regulated By Modulating Gmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota: A Contributing Factor to Obesity

Harakeh

Khan

Kumosani

et al. 2016

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Obesity, a global epidemic of the modern era, is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes. The pervasiveness of obesity and overweight in both developed as well as developing populations is on the rise and placing a huge burden on health and economic resources. Consequently, research to control this emerging epidemic is of utmost importance. Recently, host interactions with their resident gut microbiota (GM) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of many metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and CVD. Around 1014 microorganisms reside within the lower human intestine and many of these 1014 microorganisms have developed mutualistic or commensal associations with the host and actively involved in many physiological processes of the host. However, dysbiosis (altered gut microbial composition) with other predisposing genetic and environmental factors, may contribute to host metabolic disorders resulting in many ailments. Therefore, delineating the role of GM as a contributing factor to obesity is the main objective of this review. Obesity research, as a field is expanding rapidly due to major advances in nutrigenomics, metabolomics, RNA silencing, epigenetics, and other disciplines that may result in the emergence of new technologies and methods to better interpret causal relationships between microbiota and obesity.

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“…Thus, the hypothesis that obesity can be controlled by modulating the gut microbiota may lead the way to effective therapeutic interventions [9, 10]. It is known that different environmental factors, including diet, influence the relative abundance of certain bacterial phyla in the gut and consequently their functional attributes, with an impact on host metabolism [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diet, the clinical definition of which is the total food intake by an individual over a given time period, is believed to be linked to obesity with the gut microbiota also playing an important role [ 4 ]. Thus, the hypothesis that obesity can be controlled by modulating the gut microbiota may lead the way to effective therapeutic interventions [ 9 , 10 ]. It is known that different environmental factors, including diet, influence the relative abundance of certain bacterial phyla in the gut and consequently their functional attributes, with an impact on host metabolism [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and microbiota: an example of an intricate relationship

et al. 2017

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It is widely accepted that metabolic disorders, such as obesity, are closely linked to lifestyle and diet. Recently, the central role played by the intestinal microbiota in human metabolism and in progression of metabolic disorders has become evident. In this context, animal studies and human trials have demonstrated that alterations of the intestinal microbiota towards enhanced energy harvest is a characteristic of the obese phenotype. Many publications, involving both animal studies and clinical trials, have reported on the successful exploitation of probiotics and prebiotics to treat obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these observed anti-obesity effects of probiotics and prebiotic therapies are still obscure. The aim of this mini-review is to discuss the intricate relationship of various factors, including diet, gut microbiota, and host genetics, that are believed to impact on the development of obesity, and to understand how modulation of the gut microbiota with dietary intervention may alleviate obesity-associated symptoms.

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Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Diseases: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Perspective

Cited by 8 publications

References 237 publications

Alterations in the Gut Microbiota of Tibetan Patients With Echinococcosis

Alterations in the Gut Microbiota of Tibetan Patients With Echinococcosis

Gut Microbiota: A Contributing Factor to Obesity

Obesity and microbiota: an example of an intricate relationship

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