Gut Microbiome, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Mucosa Injury in Young Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Qing, Yong; Xie, Hangyu; Su, Chen; Wang, Youwei; Yu, Qiuyue; Pang, Qiuyu; Cui, Fan

doi:10.1007/s10620-018-5428-2

Cited by 51 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Ruminococcus ferments carbohydrates and produces acetate and propionate (Park et al, 2012). In addition, Prevotella , Rikenellaceae, Alistipes , and Butyricimonas are predominantly SCFA-producing genera (Chen et al, 2017; Qing et al, 2018). SCFAs, which are major anions found in the gut, are rapidly absorbed by colonic epithelial cells (Chen et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Change of Gut Microbiota During Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection in Suckling Piglets

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a disease that has a devastating effect on livestock. Currently, most studies are focused on comparing gut microbiota of healthy piglets and piglets with PED, resulting in gut microbial populations related to dynamic change in diarrheal piglets being poorly understood. The current study analyzed the characteristics of gut microbiota in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-infected piglets during the suckling transition stage. Fresh fecal samples were collected from 1 to 3-week-old healthy piglets ( n = 20) and PEDV infected piglets ( n = 18) from the same swine farm. Total DNA was extracted from each sample and the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Statistically significant differences were observed in bacterial diversity and richness between the healthy and diarrheal piglets. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed structural segregation between diseased and healthy groups, as well as among 3 different age groups. The abundance of Escherichia-Shigella , Enterococcus , Fusobacterium , and Veillonella increased due to dysbiosis induced by PEDV infection. Notably, there was a remarkable age-related increase in Fusobacterium and Veillonella in diarrheal piglets. Certain SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002 , Butyricimonas , and Alistipes , were shared by all healthy piglets, but were not identified in various age groups of diarrheal piglets. In addition, significant differences were observed between clusters of orthologous groups (COG) functional categories of healthy and PEDV-infected piglets. Our findings demonstrated that PEDV infection caused severe perturbations in porcine gut microbiota. Therefore, regulating gut microbiota in an age-related manner may be a promising method for the prevention or treatment of PEDV.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Change of Gut Microbiota During Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection in Suckling Piglets

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bacteroides are important for carbohydrate fermentation and polysaccharide catabolism, as well as amino acid and protein utilization [43]. Several genera, including Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Parabacteroides, are important producers of SCFAs and are dominant in healthy piglet intestines [15,44]. SCFAs are rapidly absorbed by colonic epithelial cells [15], protect the host against colonic diseases, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, and promote energy intake by intestinal fibers [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Altered Colonic Microbiota Communities in Suckling Piglets

Tan

Dong

Ding

et al. 2019

Genes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a major gastrointestinal disease afflicting suckling pigs that causes huge industrial economic losses. In this study, we investigated microbiota from the colonic mucosa and content in healthy and PED piglets. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to identify inter-group differences. Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the top four affected phyla. The proportion of Proteobacteria was higher in infected than in healthy piglets, and the opposite was observed for Bacteroidetes (more than four-fold higher in the healthy group). In the infected group, Fusobacterium accounted for 36.56% and 21.61% in the colonic mucosa and contents, respectively, while in the healthy group, they comprised 22.53% and 12.67%, respectively. The percentage of Lactobacillus in healthy colons (15.63%) was considerably higher than that in the disease group (<10%). In both the colonic mucosa and contents, functional enrichment differed significantly between healthy and diseased groups. Overall, infection with the PED virus increased the proportion of harmful bacteria and decreased the proportion of beneficial bacteria in the colons of piglets. Targeting intestinal microbiota could be a promising method for PED prevention, thus opening new avenues for future research.

show abstract

“…While development of novel technologies characterized key bacteria that affect mucosal immunity, more research is needed to identify the mechanisms influencing gut health and long-term impacts of microbiome-based therapies. For example, production of SCFA by gut microbiota were altered during HIV infection, which may contribute to gut mucosal damage (Qing et al, 2018). Interestingly, SCFA is essential for a newly discovered epigenetic modification – histone crotonylation (Fellows et al, 2018).…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiome Alterations During HIV/SIV Infection: Implications for HIV Cure

Crakes

Jiang

2019

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gut mucosal damage, associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) infection, is characterized by depletion in CD4 + T cells and persistent immune activation as a result of early epithelial barrier disruption and systemic translocation of microbial products. Unique approaches in studying both HIV infection in human patients and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infection in rhesus macaques have provided critical evidence for the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV/AIDS. While there is vast resemblance between SIV and HIV infection, the development of gut dysbiosis attributed to HIV infection in chronically infected patients has not been consistently reported in SIV infection in the non-human primate model of AIDS, raising concerns for the translatability of gut microbiome studies in rhesus macaques. This review outlines our current understanding of gut microbial signatures across various stages of HIV versus SIV infection, with an emphasis on the impact of microbiome-based therapies in restoring gut mucosal immunity as well as their translational potential to supplement current HIV cure efforts.

show abstract

Gut Microbiome, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Mucosa Injury in Young Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Cited by 51 publications

References 51 publications

Dynamic Change of Gut Microbiota During Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection in Suckling Piglets

Dynamic Change of Gut Microbiota During Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection in Suckling Piglets

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Altered Colonic Microbiota Communities in Suckling Piglets

Gut Microbiome Alterations During HIV/SIV Infection: Implications for HIV Cure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About